What are the symptoms of tympanic membrane perforation

As the name suggests, tympanic membrane perforation is a serious condition, as it can cause a decrease in the patient's hearing ability, and the patient may even unconsciously feel a blockage in the ear, or even ear pain. Especially for tympanic membrane trauma, it is critical to do a good job of prevention in normal times. If you feel frequent tinnitus and your ears sound like they are bombarded, you need to pay special attention.

Symptoms and signs

The clinical manifestations of tympanic membrane perforation are hearing ranging from normal to moderate deafness, a sense of blockage, and even ear pain. After a few hours, the ear pain symptoms are relieved due to the production of exudate, and it is often accompanied by tinnitus. At the beginning, only simple congestion of the tympanic membrane is seen. As the tympanic membrane recedes, punctate bleeding occurs, causing sensorineural deafness. Explosive tympanic membrane perforation, due to the inversion of the squamous epithelium into the tympanic cavity, forms squamous epithelial cysts, which are prone to secondary infection.

Treatment

Prevention of tympanic membrane trauma

Strengthen health education and prohibit the use of sharp objects such as matchsticks and hairpins to pick ears. When removing foreign objects or earwax from the external auditory canal, be careful and moderate to avoid injuring the eardrum. When encountering blasting situations such as blasting mountains, blasting cannons, and setting off firecrackers, you can plug your ears with cotton or your fingers. Wearing protective earplugs will have a better effect.

After the eardrum is ruptured or perforated by trauma, it can heal on its own. Because there are abundant blood vessels on both sides of the eardrum that anastomose with each other from the outside to the inside, its repair ability is very strong. However, the following points must be noted, otherwise bacterial infection will cause suppurative otitis media, which will be more difficult to treat.

(1) Keep the external auditory canal clean and dry. After trauma, the external auditory canal can be disinfected with alcohol, and foreign objects, earwax, etc. can be wiped clean and removed. Do not remove the blood clot attached to the eardrum. To avoid bacterial infection. Use sterilized cotton to gently plug the opening of the external auditory canal to prevent dirt from entering the ear and causing infection.

(2) Do not rinse the external auditory canal with water or use any prescription ear drops, as this is not only unhelpful, but can also allow bacteria to enter the middle ear and cause infection.

(3) Do not blow your nose hard. If there is mucus, inhale it into your mouth and spit it out. You can also take some anti-inflammatory prescriptions to avoid infection. If infection occurs and causes suppurative otitis media, it should be treated as otitis media. Treatment of tympanic membrane perforation in Western medicine

Patients with tympanic membrane perforation should go to the ENT department of the hospital to check the location, extent and cause of the perforation. If necessary, audiometry and bilateral mastoid photography should be performed. If you have ulcer-type or cholesteatoma-type otitis media, you must undergo surgery as soon as possible to remove the lesion and prevent complications; if the middle ear is only simply inflamed, you must receive timely and reasonable treatment to dry the water as soon as possible. For patients with perforated tympanic membrane but no pus, the doctor will examine whether tympanic membrane repair surgery is possible. It would be best if the eardrum could be repaired. It not only improves hearing, but also re-establishes a barrier to prevent recurring otitis media and avoid ototoxic damage caused by long-term use of ear drops.