Is congenital fingerlessness hereditary?

Not everyone is born 100% perfect. Some people are born with atrophy of fingers or congenital lack of fingers, and their fingers are not fully functional. This can be reconstructed through surgery to help the patient. In addition, diseases like this are not hereditary except for pathological factors.

Treatment Overview

In childhood, the index finger can be trained to compensate for some of the functions of the thumb. Some people can undergo a rotational osteotomy of the second metacarpal bone to restore thumb function;

If a palm or finger is missing, surgery such as toe transplantation can be used to reconstruct the thumb or finger; bone lengthening surgery is helpful in treating finger loss and can also serve as a preparatory surgery for other surgeries (such as toe transplantation). For a cleft hand deformity, treatment focuses on closing the cleft. Some Japanese scholars believe that wire traction is not effective for patients with a wide gap between the 2nd and 4th metacarpal bones, and advocate the use of periosteum suturing method. In order to avoid tearing the periosteum, it is sutured together with the fascia, which has achieved good results. For those who have a third metacarpal bone, it is not recommended to remove it to avoid reducing the width of the hand. Installing the finger can improve the appearance.

form

As mentioned before, the fetus has different susceptibility to teratogens at different stages of development. The occurrence of teratoma should be traced back to the early stages of embryonic development.

1. The preimplantation stage is from fertilization to the 6th day. A normal fertilized egg (zygote) develops in the fallopian tube for the first three days. The two-cell stage is completed 30 hours after fertilization, after which the division rate increases and develops into a mulberry sphere. The fertilized egg contains all the genetic components of an adult organism, but most of them are in an inactive state. When the fertilized egg enters the division stage of development, the genes related to replication, growth, and cell-to-cell interaction are lost. If the fertilized egg carries abnormal structural genes or certain abnormal genes, it will lead to early embryonic cell death. If the blastomere, which develops into 2 to 4 cells, is separated from the cells, identical twins can be formed. Since the cells that make up the blastomeres are all totipotent cells with equal potential, theoretically, the loss of one cell may not have serious consequences. But in fact, precisely because they are consistent with each other, if one cell carries a lethal gene, it is possible that other cells also carry the same lethal gene. This gene will inevitably lead to death. At the same time, it is precisely because these cells are consistent with each other that once exposed to adverse exogenous influences, the harmful factors will cause the same damage to all cells, thus causing embryonic death. Therefore, it is generally believed that harmful environmental factors have an "all or nothing" effect on pre-implantation embryos, that is, either the embryo dies or survives, and survival means that it is not damaged and will not cause malformations.

2. The implantation stage is from the first week to the second week. The blastocyst reaches the endometrium and implants. During the 8-10 day stage, if the cells are damaged, they may not separate completely from each other, thus forming double monsters. Conjoined twins can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical conjoined twins can be described as incompletely separated twins that are still connected in different parts, such as the head, chest or buttocks. Asymmetric conjoined twins occur when one twin is well developed while the other is poorly developed or has only a vestigial form. Those with poor development often show abnormalities, and are either connected to well-developed ones outside the body, or exist inside the body of a well-developed one, becoming a "fetus within a fetus". Some congenital teratomas, particularly those of the sacrococcygeal region, are actually asymmetric twins.