The probability of inheritance of high myopia

Myopia not only affects our ability to see things clearly in daily life, but also has an impact on the next generation. Because if some people have very high myopia, it is very likely to be passed on to their children, so some children wear glasses since childhood, mostly inherited from their parents. So if someone suffers from high myopia, what is the probability of inheriting it? Let’s learn about it together today.

Identification method

1. Similarity comparison method: The eyes and appearance of the parents and children are similar. If the child's eyes look similar to those of one parent, and that parent has obvious myopia and an appearance that is significantly different from more than 95% of people, then the probability of this being inherited is higher. On the contrary, even if both parents are nearsighted, their children may not necessarily have the disease.

Shortsighted

2. For some patients with moderate to severe myopia, their eyeballs are severely deformed (mainly protruding) due to wearing glasses and other reasons. In this case, it is often more accurate to make a judgment after preliminary treatment and the protrusion of the eyeball has basically recovered.

3. Some people believe that congenital myopia is hereditary myopia, but this belongs to another category of understanding. People who develop myopia at a very young age may not necessarily have hereditary myopia. Another view is about the inheritance of eye structure, which holds that some people's eye structure makes them susceptible to myopia, while others are not.

4. If you judge the hereditary nature of a child's myopia simply based on the myopia of the parents or determine it from a genetic perspective (the lower picture on the right is not a concave mirror, but a concave lens), although there is a certain basis, it is of little significance in terms of treatment methods and purpose selection, because there is currently no relevant treatment method.

5. From the perspective of chromosomal genes, "research has shown that the occurrence of high myopia in China is autosomal recessive inheritance, that is, if both parents are highly myopic, 100% of the children will be highly myopic; if one parent is highly myopic, 50% of the children will be highly myopic" - although this understanding has yet to be confirmed, it at least shows that the child's myopia is closely related to the parents.

In addition, there is the transfer of living habits - because the father often reads, the son often reads; because the father is a computer operator, the child often surfs the Internet; because both parents are intellectuals, the child studies very hard, etc. Such habits are very contagious and therefore appear to be hereditary, but in fact they are not. This is also an aspect that should be paid attention to.

complication

Hereditary myopia can cause many eye complications, most of which are blinding. The higher the degree of myopia, the greater the possibility of complications. The main complications of myopia are:

(1) Retinal detachment. In retinal detachment, most occur in myopic eyes;

(2) Cataract. Myopia is caused by abnormal intraocular nutrition metabolism, which changes the permeability of the lens capsule and gradually causes turbidity, which can lead to secondary cataracts.

(3) Macular hemorrhage and macular degeneration, leading to permanent damage to vision;

(4) Vitreous liquefaction and degeneration, inducing retinal detachment;

(5) Myopia can easily cause increased intraocular pressure and lead to glaucoma. According to statistics, 30% of people with high myopia have glaucoma, which causes gradual loss of vision.

(6) Strabismus and amblyopia. If the difference in myopia between the two eyes is greater than degrees, it can easily cause severe exotropia and amblyopia.

Hazards

The incidence of myopia is very high now. Myopia has become a very common eye disease. People have gradually become accustomed to it and pay little attention to the real harm of myopia. Experts point out that the harm of myopia cannot be ignored.

1. Poor vision, often dry and tired eyes, affecting the quality of study, life and work. Long-term wearing of glasses will cause inconvenience in life and work;

Blurred vision

2. Moderate to severe myopia can cause protruding eyeballs and loose eyelids, which can affect appearance;

3. Restrictions on further education, military service and job hunting;

4. Having to wear two pairs of glasses due to myopia in old age;

5. The incidence of cataract and glaucoma in myopic patients is significantly higher than that in normal people;

6. The main harm is that moderate to high myopia, especially high myopia, can easily cause vitreous opacities, retinal hemorrhage and detachment, leading to blindness.