What tests do you need to do before pregnancy?

Now the country is vigorously advocating eugenics, so we remind young couples that if they are not ready to have children, they must take contraceptive measures during their sexual life. If they decide to have children, they must prepare for pregnancy some time in advance. Both husband and wife must be fully prepared mentally and physically. For physical preparation, it is best to go to the hospital for a pre-pregnancy check-up. So what items are usually included in the pre-pregnancy check-up?

What tests do you need to do before pregnancy?

The pre-pregnancy check-up items for men and women are different. What are the items in pre-pregnancy check-up? Pre-pregnancy examinations for women include reproductive system examination, complete set of fetal abnormality examination, liver function test, oral examination, gynecological endocrine examination and many other examinations; pre-pregnancy examinations for men include routine blood test, routine semen test, urinary system examination, chromosome examination and many other examinations.

The eugenics and good parenting examination items include: eugenics and good parenting IgM test (TORCHIgM), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, eugenics and good parenting IgG test (TORCHIgG), neural tube defect screening, Down syndrome prenatal screening, estriol (E3) determination, solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, endometrial antibody determination IgM (EMAb-IgM), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, endometrial antibody determination IgG (EMAb-IgG).

Among them, the five examinations for eugenics, also known as the five teratogenic examinations, include examinations for Toxoplasma, rubella virus, B19 parvovirus, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus. These microorganisms can be transmitted to the fetus through the placenta, affecting the development of the fetus and ultimately leading to miscarriage, premature birth, incomplete development or deformity. Therefore, the five examinations for eugenics are particularly important.

These common and important intrauterine infection factors are collectively referred to as TORCH.

The "T" stands for Toxoplasma. Toxoplasma gondii is widely present in our daily lives. If you have pets or other poultry at home, they may be carriers of Toxoplasma gondii. For pregnant women, their defense against Toxoplasma gondii will be weakened a lot after their resistance decreases. If a pregnant woman is infected with Toxoplasma gondii, it will be directly transmitted to the fetus through the placenta, thereby affecting the growth and development of the fetus.

"O" stands for other infectious agents. Such as human papilloma cell infection and some other viral infections.

"R" stands for rubella virus. Rubella virus is also a widely contagious virus. It can be transmitted, for example, in the kidney cells of animals such as rabbits and pigs, and in the droplets of nasopharyngeal secretions. At the same time, the rubella virus is also contagious. After the incubation period, it can cause swelling of the lymph nodes behind the head, behind the ears and in the neck, and then rubella may appear on the face and head, which can then spread throughout the body. If rubella is contracted in early pregnancy, the fetus will often develop congenital abnormalities such as cataracts, microphthalmia, hearing loss, heart disease and microcephaly.

The "C" stands for cytomegalovirus. Cytomegalovirus can invade the human internal organs and lymphatic system. If a pregnant mother is infected with this virus, it can invade the fetus through the placenta and cause congenital infection, and even cause premature birth, miscarriage, stillbirth or death after birth. Children may develop jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic anemia. Surviving children often suffer from permanent mental retardation, neuromuscular movement disorders, deafness and chorioretinitis.

The "H" stands for herpes simplex virus. The herpes simplex virus can cause infection of the skin and mucous membranes of the genitals. Pregnant women with genital herpes are prone to premature birth, miscarriage, malformation or stillbirth in severe cases. Newborns are more sensitive to this type of virus. If the mother suffers from primary herpes, there is a 40%-60% chance of being infected. It often occurs in premature infants 3-30 days old and can invade the skin, mucous membranes and internal organs. If it is a disseminated type, high fever, hepatosplenomegaly, encephalitis, and sepsis may occur. The mortality rate can reach 65%, and no more than 10% of them will have no sequelae after recovery.