Who cannot have general anesthesia

General anesthesia refers to general anesthesia. When performing some major operations that may cause great pain to the patient, the patient needs to be given general anesthesia. Anesthesia mainly involves the use of drugs to temporarily make the patient unconscious. However, not everyone can undergo general anesthesia. For example, patients who have recently had a cold, pneumonia, or hypertension must be cautious during anesthesia.

1. Who cannot undergo general anesthesia?

When performing general anesthesia, it is important to note that the following diseases cannot be performed: recent cold or pneumonia, respiratory failure, severe hypertension, myocardial infarction within three months, active cerebrovascular accident, severe anemia, etc.

2. Commonly used anesthetic drugs for general anesthesia

1. Inhalation anesthetics

Nitrous oxide, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane, etc.;

2. Intravenous anesthetic drugs

Barbiturates (sodium thiopental, phenobarbital, etc.), opioids (morphine, fentanyl, alfentanil, sufentanil, remifentanil, etc.), propofol, droperidol, benzodiazepines (diazepam, midazolam, etc.), ketamine, etomidate, etc.;

3. Muscle relaxants

Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants (tubocurarine, pancuronium, atracurium, vecuronium, etc.), depolarizing muscle relaxants (such as succinylcholine).

3. Side effects of general anesthesia

1. Side effects of the drug itself. All drugs have side effects that are well-known. Suppresses breathing and normal physiological reflexes, causing nausea and vomiting. However, modern drugs are very safe when used properly, and most of them are short-acting, antagonistic drugs. There are virtually no long-term side effects.

2. Anesthesia complications, which may be caused by factors of the patient himself or may be an emergency situation during the implementation of anesthesia. For example, injuries caused by various anesthetic operations, as well as various serious accidents in circulation and breathing. For example, Propofol can provide smooth sedation, hypnosis and even unconsciousness after administration, but it can also cause respiratory depression or even arrest, as well as cardiac and circulatory depression. If there is no means to maintain respiratory circulation, serious events or even death may occur. This is the harm caused by ignoring everything. Of course, some of these are difficult to manage due to patient factors, such as morbid obesity or airway problems.

3. Patient comorbidities. Since it is a major operation, the patient will more or less have existing problems with other diseases. Common comorbidities such as heart and lung disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus increase the risks of general anesthesia and surgery.