What to do if nails turn white

Whitening of nails is a very common phenomenon. When this phenomenon occurs, we must not take it lightly, because the nails may be caused by insufficient qi and blood, and may even indicate that the patient has hemorrhagic shock. Hemorrhagic shock requires timely treatment. If not treated in time, it may endanger the patient's life. Next, I will introduce to you how to deal with whitening nails!

1. Ensure airway patency and stop bleeding

In the treatment of hemorrhagic shock, the first procedure is to ensure that the airway is open and that hemostasis is effective. A patent airway is a basic condition for ventilation and oxygenation and should be ensured. Patients with severe shock and circulatory failure should also be intubated and given mechanical ventilation. Stopping bleeding is an important measure to prevent the occurrence and development of shock. Compression to stop bleeding is a feasible and effective emergency measure; the use of a tourniquet is also very effective. Two intravenous lines should be established as soon as possible.

2. Rapid rehydration of large amounts of fluid

As the infusion channel is established, give large amounts of rapid fluid infusion immediately. For severe shock, 1 to 2 L of isotonic balanced salt solution should be rapidly transfused, preferably followed by cross-matched blood. To save lives, red blood cells of the same type or type O can be transfused. Especially after the application of balanced salt solution, when the recovery volume still cannot meet the requirements of resuscitation, red blood cells should be transfused to make the hemoglobin reach above 10g/dl. However, in cases where bleeding does not stop, it is inappropriate to use the above method of fluid replacement and blood transfusion, because vigorous fluid resuscitation will flush out blood clots, increase blood loss, and reduce survival rate. For this reason, the use of hypertonic saline solutions to achieve rapid volume expansion, particularly in prehospital emergency care, remains controversial.

In the absence of testing through central venous catheterization or pulmonary artery catheterization, treatment should be based on the following clinical indicators, namely, urine output must reach 0.5-1.0ml/(kg.h), normal heart rate, normal blood pressure, good capillary filling, and normal perception.

3. Replenishing crystal liquid and glue liquid

It is worth noting that after resuscitation for massive blood loss, that is, in addition to blood transfusion to compensate for blood loss, a certain amount of crystalloid and colloid fluid should be supplemented to meet the needs of fluid separation. Failure to understand this need and the only approach to treatment is to restrict fluid replacement and diuresis can aggravate shock, lead to metabolic acidosis, induce multiple organ dysfunction, and even cause death. About 1 day later, the body fluid shifts from the separation phase to the diuresis phase, and by expelling the body fluid accumulated outside the blood vessels, that is, increasing diuresis, the excess body fluid is mobilized, and the body fluid gap gradually returns to the normal level before injury.