What are intestinal diseases

The intestine is an important digestive and absorptive organ of the human body. Intestinal health has a very important impact on a person's overall health. If there are some diseases in the intestine, it will cause great pain to the patient and even cause malnutrition and other phenomena in the patient. So, what are the more common intestinal diseases? Here are some common intestinal diseases!

1. Acute appendicitis

The appendix is ​​located at the junction of the small intestine and the large intestine, attached to the posterior and inner side of the cecum, about 5 to 7 cm long and less than 1 cm in diameter. The end of the appendix cavity is a blind end, and the proximal end is connected to the cecum. There is a semi-lunar mucosal wrinkle at the junction of the two, called the Gerlach valve. When the mucosa is not completely closed, food and feces can easily enter the cavity and cause inflammation. The causes of the disease are factors such as lumen obstruction, bacterial infection or nerve reflex spasm. According to the pathological changes of appendicitis, it can be divided into: simple appendicitis, in which the inflammation is relatively mild, with only congestion of the serosal layer and slight bleeding and ulcers in the mucosal layer; purulent appendicitis, in which the serosal layer is extremely congested and the mucosa is necrotic and suppurated; gangrenous appendicitis, in which all layers of the appendix are inflamed, necrotic, dark red in color, the wall is thin and the tissue is eroded, and it is very easy to perforate. Appendicitis can be divided into acute and chronic. The symptoms of the two are similar, but the signs are more obvious in acute attacks.

2. Intestinal Fistula

It is called abnormal holes in the intestinal wall caused by various injuries, which allow the intestinal contents to overflow. Intestinal fistulas are divided into internal fistulas and external fistulas. Internal fistulas are perforations in the intestinal wall that connect to other organs in the abdomen but not to the outside of the abdomen; external fistulas are perforations in the intestinal wall that connect to the outside of the abdomen, with intestinal fluid and fecal juice flowing out. Intestinal fistulas are divided into high-position fistulas and low-position fistulas according to their location. Fistulas within 100 cm of the duodenum and upper jejunum are high-position fistulas, while those less than 100 cm from the jejunum are low-position fistulas. This section focuses on high intestinal fistula, because improper treatment and care of high intestinal fistula can pose a great threat to life and should be taken seriously.

3. Intestinal obstruction

Intestinal obstruction is a disorder in intestinal function that prevents the contents from passing smoothly.

Intestinal obstruction is classified according to its cause:

A Mechanical obstruction. Those with intestinal stenosis caused by various reasons and difficulty in passing food;

B Dynamic obstruction. Due to autonomic nervous system disorder, the intestines lose their normal ability to move, resulting in food retention;

C Hemodynamic obstruction. Caused by intestinal blood flow obstruction, mesenteric embolism, etc. According to the location of obstruction, it is divided into high-level obstruction and low-level obstruction. The former is obstruction of the jejunum and upper ileum, and the latter is obstruction of the lower ileum and colon. According to the blood supply, it can be divided into: simple obstruction, normal blood supply to the intestinal wall and obstruction of the intestinal cavity; strangulated obstruction, both the intestinal cavity and blood supply are obstructed.