Compression fracture of lumbar vertebra 12

Fractures are relatively common. If you have a fracture, you should go to the hospital for treatment in time. Fractures have a great impact on the body and the treatment time is relatively long. At the same time, patients need to pay attention to the appropriate amount of exercise after treatment. Excessive exercise will aggravate the fracture problem. So what is the compression fracture of the lumbar vertebra 12? This type of fracture is common among middle-aged and elderly people. The following is a detailed introduction.

Lumbar compression fracture, formerly known as "lumbar bone fracture", refers to a spinal fracture characterized by the longitudinal height of the vertebra being "flattened". It is also the most common type of spinal fracture. Clinically, the most common sites are the 11th and 12th thoracic vertebrae and the 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae. The incidence is even higher in the elderly due to osteoporosis.

Causes of Disease

1. Indirect violence:

The most common. It is more common when falling from a height, with the hips or feet landing on the ground, and the force is transmitted upward to the waist; or heavy objects fall from a height and impact the head, shoulders, and back, and the force is transmitted downward to the waist, causing fractures; some elderly people have severe osteoporosis, and certain minor injuries, such as bumpy rides in a car, sitting down on the ground, etc., can also cause vertebral fractures.

2. Muscle pulling:

When the muscles in the lumbar sacral region suddenly and strongly contract, considerable tensile stress can be generated, which commonly causes fractures of the vertebral appendages, such as the transverse process and spinous process. Severe muscle contractions caused by tetanus or other nervous system diseases can lead to compression fractures of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.

3. Direct violence:

Rarely seen. It can be seen in traffic accidents, firearm injuries, or direct blows to the waist. Such injuries often cause spinal cord injuries and have serious consequences such as varying degrees of paralysis.

Diagnosis

Most patients have a clear history of trauma; local swelling and pain in the chest and waist, with the appearance of kyphosis, local tenderness and percussion pain, and poor lumbar movement; those with bone marrow injury may have varying degrees of functional impairment; X-rays can determine the type and degree of fracture; CT and MRI examinations can determine the degree of spinal cord compression.

There are many clinical classification standards for vertebral fractures, and there are different classification methods based on different standards.

Stable fractures:

Any simple vertebral compression fracture (compression of the anterior vertebral body does not exceed 1/2 of the vertebral body thickness, without accessory fracture or ligament tear); or simple accessory (transverse process, spinous process or unilateral lamina, pedicle) fracture is considered a stable fracture. This type of fracture has little effect on spinal stability, generally no ligament damage, no obvious tendency to displacement, and is relatively simple to treat, mostly with conservative treatment, with a good prognosis.

Unstable fractures:

Any vertebral compression exceeding 1/2 of the vertebral thickness, comminuted fracture, or fracture accompanied by dislocation, accessory fracture or ligament tear is considered an unstable fracture. This type of fracture is mostly caused by intense violence, which destroys the stability of the spine and is often accompanied by ligament tears and spinal cord or spinal nerve root injuries. It is difficult to treat, most require surgery, and the prognosis is poor.