There are black spots inside the nails when I cut them

Friends who often watch TV will often see some advertisements on TV, such as advertisements for onychomycosis. They know that onychomycosis is contagious and it is not easy to cure. So when you find black spots in your nails, you should pay attention, because it is very likely due to onychomycosis. So what should you do when there are black spots in your nails? The following is a detailed introduction.

Onychomycosis, commonly known as "onychomycosis". The disease usually starts with 1-2 nails (toenails), but in severe cases all nails (toenails) may be affected. The diseased deck loses its luster, and over time the deck becomes thicker and deformed, becoming grayish white or dirty yellow. Deck changes

It is brittle and breaks off, and sometimes the nail plate separates from the nail bed.

In the past, diseased nails had to be removed, with methods such as surgical removal; after the diseased nail was removed, iodine was used to remove the fungus until a new nail grew out. Now, with the advent of a variety of new drugs, oral medications for the treatment of onychomycosis have also achieved good results. Commonly used drugs include: Sporanox, Lamisil, Terbinafine, etc.

To treat onychomycosis, you can apply onychomycosis lotion (most hospitals have their own prescriptions), or apply "Huanli Ointment" (produced by Beijing No. 6 Pharmaceutical Factory). If the effect of external medication alone is not obvious, you can take it together with oral

"Terbinafine" or oral "Sporanox", refer to the instructions for dosage and usage, or follow the doctor's advice. Because onychomycosis is a chronic disease, you must adhere to the course of medication and continue taking the medication for a period of time after being cured to avoid recurrence.

Onychomycosis (tinea unguium) refers to lesions caused by dermatophytes invading the nail plate.

Onychomycosis is a disease caused by the invasion of the nail plate by fungi other than dermatophytes, including yeast.

Clinical features

1. The most common pathogen of onychomycosis is Trichophyton rubrum.

2. There are two types of onychomycosis. One manifestation is white nails, which often starts from the root of the nail. Small white spots appear on the surface of the nail plate and gradually expand, causing the nail plate to soften and sink.

Another type of damage starts from the free edge and side wall of the nail, causing small depressions or transverse grooves on the nail plate, and gradually develops to the nail plate.

Becomes brittle, crumbly, thickened, and brown inside. The accumulation of debris under the nail often causes the nail to become hollow, lift up and separate from the nail bed.

The surface is uneven, rough and dull.

3. The nail plate of onychomycosis often appears uneven and black. The nail plate often has slight atrophy but not thickening, and is often accompanied by paronychia.

[Laboratory examination] Scrape off the broken nails and subungual debris, and fungal hyphae can be seen under the microscope. Fungal culture was positive.

[Differential diagnosis] Nail changes caused by psoriasis, eczema, lichen planus, and pachyonychia due to nail dystrophy, etc.

〖Prevention and treatment〗

1. Itraconazole 200 mg 2/day 1 week/month for 3 cycles for onychomycosis and 4 cycles for toenail onychomycosis.

2. Terbinafine 250 mg/day

Take it orally for 3 to 4 weeks. The diseased nail will improve after stopping the medication until the new nail grows out completely. It is suitable for patients with onychomycosis or mild toenail onychomycosis. For more severe toenail onychomycosis, the daily medication course of treatment can be extended to 2 months.

Topical medication: Apply antifungal ointment or cream after softening or removing the diseased nail. You can also use 30% glacial acetic acid, 2.5% iodine tincture, etc. externally. The diseased nails must be removed continuously until normal nails grow out, which usually takes more than half a year.

How do you get onychomycosis?

When fingernails or toenails turn grayish white, people usually call it "onychomycosis". This is actually a nail disease caused by fungal infection, which is called onychomycosis in modern medicine.

Nail diseases caused by fungi can appear in a variety of colors, the most common being off-white, but brown, gray-brown, or dark brown can also be seen. At the same time, the deck may be seen to be thickening and becoming brittle, or the middle layer of the deck may be hollowed out, or the nail edge may be uneven, or the deck may be incomplete. Some may also be accompanied by inflammation of the nail groove, local redness, swelling and pain.

There are many types of fungi that can cause onychomycosis, the most common ones are Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton gypseum, and Epidermophyton floccosum. Others such as Trichophyton schrenckii, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton rosea and Trichophyton concentricum can also cause onychomycosis. In addition, there are several fungi that often cause nail lesions when the nail is malnourished, such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigate, etc.