What is the clinical significance of anti-human insulin antibodies?

Patients with diabetes sometimes need to receive xenogeneic insulin treatment. After choosing this treatment method, anti-human insulin antibodies will appear in the patient's body. These antibodies will synthesize with insulin to form a complex, causing the insulin to lose its activity. Therefore, many diabetic patients will become resistant to insulin. So what is the clinical significance of anti-human insulin antibodies?

Clinical significance of anti-human insulin antibodies:

Abnormal result: serum anti-insulin antibodies are positive

(1) Guiding the treatment of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes: High titers of circulating insulin antibodies are the main cause of severe insulin resistance. Detection of A-IAb can guide the dosage of insulin and provide a basis for the treatment of drug-resistant diabetes. When the antibody titer is high, rapid-acting insulin can be appropriately increased. When the antibody titer is low, long-acting insulin can be used instead.

(2) Determine the prognosis of insulin-dependent diabetes: If the insulin release curve is low and the insulin antibody titer is high, it means that the patient is not suffering from pancreatic islet failure, indicating that the condition is stable. On the contrary, it indicates that the prognosis is poor for insulin failure.

(3) Anti-insulin antibodies may also be detected in some patients with hyperthyroidism

People who need to be checked: patients with dependent diabetes and patients with hyperthyroidism

Note:

Inappropriate groups: Generally no special groups

Contraindications before examination: Anti-insulin antibodies are produced by the injection of exogenous insulin, and even intermittent use can often cause recall antibody reactions. Patients should pay attention to this

Requirements for inspection:

(1) Determine the prognosis of insulin-dependent diabetes: If the insulin release curve is low and the insulin antibody titer is high, it means that the patient is not suffering from pancreatic islet failure and the condition is stable. On the contrary, it indicates insulin failure and a poor prognosis.

(2) Anti-insulin antibodies may also be detected in some patients with hyperthyroidism.

(3) When the serum to be tested also contains anti-insulin antibodies, the determination results of anti-insulin receptor antibodies (IRA) will be interfered with and need to be corrected by other methods.

Inspection process:

How to detect anti-insulin antibodies? Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by metabolic disorders due to an absolute deficiency in insulin secretion, and a large amount of exogenous insulin is required to maintain life. Anti-insulin antibodies are produced by the injection of exogenous insulin, and even intermittent use can often cause recall antibody reactions. There are many methods for detecting insulin antibodies, such as ELISA and immunospot assay. Now we will introduce the ELISA method.

It can be coated with purified human, porcine or bovine crystalline insulin, and the test serum is diluted 1:10, and then the optimal working concentration of HRP-labeled anti-human IgC antibody or labeled anti-human IgA insulin antibody is added, and the substrate is added for color development. If a positive result is found, the highest dilution of serum insulin antibody b can be tested.