Deep vein thrombosis of lower extremities

Deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs is a very common disease in daily life. It will not only have a great impact on the patient's physical health, but also seriously affect their normal life and work. Therefore, it is particularly important to find a scientific and effective treatment method. Early diagnosis and blood D-dimer testing are very necessary, people must pay attention to it, and friends in need can learn more about the relevant knowledge.

1. Deep vein thrombosis of lower extremities

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremities is the main risk factor for pulmonary embolism (PE). Pulmonary embolism is the third leading cause of death among hospitalized patients, second only to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents.

In addition to pulmonary embolism, the hazards of deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities include

(1) Blue swelling of the thigh;

(2) Sequelae of venous thrombosis.

The prognosis of deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities depends on: early diagnosis and standardized treatment.

2. Early diagnosis

In the early stages of deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs, there may be no symptoms such as swelling. Only when the thrombus spreads and blocks the opening of the collateral vein, or spreads rapidly, will symptoms such as swelling and pain in the lower limbs appear. Therefore, most of the deep vein thrombosis that is clinically diagnosed often has a course of more than several days.

Calf muscle pain (Homan's sign) can be induced by squeezing the calf muscles or stretching the muscles by dorsiflexing the foot, which may indicate early gastrocnemius thrombosis. This examination should be a necessary procedure for doctors in thrombosis-related departments during their ward rounds.

Once deep vein thrombosis is suspected, try to perform lower limb deep vein ultrasound and blood D-dimer testing as soon as possible (within a few hours).

The value of early diagnosis is that early treatment can be initiated. The earlier the treatment is started, the better the effect.

3. The significance of blood D-dimer detection

Plasma D-dimer measurement is a test to understand the secondary fibrinolytic function.

Indicators increase in acute deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Reminder: The indicators of old venous thrombosis are not elevated.

In other cases, the index may also be elevated: during thrombolysis, myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, severe hepatitis, surgery, tumors, kidney disease, organ transplant rejection, infection and tissue necrosis.

Therefore, an elevated D2 polymer (D-Dimer) index cannot completely diagnose venous thrombosis, but a negative index can rule out acute venous thrombosis.

Once again, a special reminder: Once acute venous thrombosis is suspected, plasma D-dimer measurement must be performed immediately! Otherwise the inspection becomes meaningless.