Are polyps on the stomach serious?

Gastric polyps are of course a serious problem. If these diseases are not effectively treated, the harm to health will be relatively large. Therefore, we should understand the scientific and effective treatment methods. For example, endoscopic treatment is the most common and preferred method for treating gastric polyps. It mainly uses laser and microwave ablation, or high-frequency electrocoagulation to remove polyps.

(1) High-frequency electrocoagulation resection :

It is the most widely used method at present. Its principle is to use the thermal effect generated by high-frequency current to cause tissue coagulation and necrosis to achieve the purpose of removing polyps. Generally, the current frequency is above 300kHz and the output power is 30-80W. Before the operation, the gastric fluid should be aspirated as much as possible. For sessile polyps smaller than 0.5 cm, electrocoagulation with a spherical electrocoagulator or electrothermal biopsy forceps should be used for removal. When using electric biopsy forceps, you should first bite the head and gently pull it up before cauterizing it. For pedunculated polyps and sessile polyps larger than 0.5 cm, snare removal should be used as much as possible, but a spherical electrocoagulator or electric biopsy forceps can also be used for multiple cauterization. For pedunculated polyps, the snare should be placed on the pedicle and about 1 cm of the residual pedicle should be retained as much as possible before the power is turned on to avoid deep tissue burns and perforation.

(2) Microwave calcination method :

The method uses the principle that microwaves can cause polar molecules to vibrate and produce thermal effects, thereby causing tissue to coagulate and vaporize to cauterize polyps. It also has a hemostatic effect and is suitable for sessile polyps with a diameter of less than 2 cm. Smaller polyps can be cauterized once, while larger ones require multiple treatments. Its output power is 30-40W. The time of each cauterization can be adjusted and fixed before treatment, generally 5-10s. It can also be controlled by a foot switch. During the operation, a microwave coaxial cable (antenna) is inserted through the biopsy port so that the spherical probe is in close contact with the lesion, or the needle probe is inserted into the lesion for cauterization. Care should be taken to control the depth of tissue burns to avoid perforation. This method is simple, safe, low-cost and easy to carry out.

(3) Laser method :

The high-energy laser generated by the laser is used to irradiate the lesion site through the optical fiber introduced into the endoscopic biopsy hole. The heat energy converted from light energy causes the tissue protein to coagulate, denature and destroy it, thereby achieving the treatment goal. It is mostly used to treat wide-pedunculated or sessile polyps. Currently, Nd:YAG laser is mostly used. The power can be selected according to the size of the polyp, generally ranging from 50 to 70W. During operation, the tip of the optical fiber is about 1 cm away from the lesion, and each irradiation is 0.5 to 1s. Too long a time may cause perforation, so care should be taken. Larger polyps can be treated in multiple stages. Laser treatment can also be used, which has the characteristics of less damage to the tissues around the lesion and shallow penetration depth. After the laser is aimed at the lesion, it should be irradiated quickly to prevent gastric peristalsis from damaging surrounding tissues.