What's wrong with the newborn's urine having blood?

Many children are prone to various health problems after birth, which is closely related to the nutrition of the fetus in the mother's body. The bodies of newborns are not as strong as those of adults, so some babies may face various health problems. Blood in urine is also a type of condition. If a newborn baby has blood in his urine, it must be taken seriously, as it is related to many factors. What happens if there is blood in the newborn's urine?

1. Glomerular hematuria

Refers to hematuria originating from the glomerulus. ① Primary glomerulonephritis: It is the most common cause of hematuria in children. Such as various acute, chronic, and protracted glomerulonephritis, rapidly progressive nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, IgA nephropathy, etc. In addition to hematuria, there are also symptoms of proteinuria, edema, hypertension and renal insufficiency. ② Secondary glomerulonephritis: Common ones include hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus-related nephritis, purpura nephritis, lupus nephritis, nodular arteritis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, infective endocarditis nephritis, etc. In addition to hematuria, it is often accompanied by clinical manifestations of the primary disease. ③ Familial hereditary glomerular diseases: common ones include hereditary nephritis (Alport syndrome) and thin basement membrane nephropathy. ④ Simple hematuria: Clinically, it only manifests as persistent or recurrent microscopic hematuria, with or without paroxysmal macroscopic hematuria, and is not accompanied by other symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and renal dysfunction. ⑤ Transient hematuria after some strenuous exercise.

2. Non-glomerular hematuria

It refers to hematuria originating from the renal tubules, renal interstitium or urinary tract (including the collecting system, ureters, bladder and urethra) and systemic diseases. ① Urinary tract infection: such as pyelonephritis, renal tuberculosis, cystitis, etc. In addition to bacterial infection, pathogens can also be caused by viruses, mycoplasma, fungi, parasites, etc. ② Urinary stones: kidney stones, bladder stones, and urethral stones. ③ Idiopathic hypercalciuria. ④ Drugs and chemical substances: antibiotics (such as aminoglycosides, cefotaxime, penicillin, sulfonamides), acetylsalicylic acid, anticoagulants (heparin, dicoumarol), cyclophosphamide, phenazone, cold medicine, phenol, heavy metals (mercury, arsenic, lead), etc. ⑤ Vascular lesions: nutcracker phenomenon (left renal vein compression syndrome), renal vein thrombosis, and renal arteriovenous fistula. ⑥ Urinary tract malformations: polycystic kidney, horseshoe kidney, sponge kidney, bladder diverticulum, hydronephrosis, etc. ⑦ Tumors: Wilms tumor, nephroblastoma, leukemia. ⑧Trauma: such as trauma, surgery, instrument damage, urethral foreign body, etc. ⑨ Lesions of adjacent organs: such as appendicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, etc. ⑩ Systemic diseases: thrombocytopenic purpura, hemophilia, spontaneous hemorrhage of the newborn, etc.

3. Treatment

The treatment of hematuria mainly involves different treatments for the primary disease based on different causes. If only microscopic hematuria is present, the prognosis is generally good and no medication is needed, but follow-up is required, once a year (in the United States) or once every 3 to 6 months. Therefore, it is recommended that children with such diseases be "managed" rather than treated. Management includes: diagnosis, treatment, patient/parent education, life guidance, development of follow-up plans, etc. Tell the child to have regular check-ups.