What causes anal leakage?

I believe everyone is familiar with anal leakage. "Anal leakage" is also called "anal fistula", which refers to the fistula formed by the rectum and the surrounding skin. It usually occurs in young and middle-aged people aged 20-40 and may be related to the secretion of sebaceous glands, one of the target organs of male sex hormones. Why would someone get such a horrible disease? The doctor said that it is usually caused by eating spicy food, not exercising, and having an unstable work and rest schedule. Nowadays, most young people are busy with work, go to bed early and get up late, and do not exercise regularly, which will not be able to bear the body. Therefore, we must control our diet, eat more vegetables, and try to eat less spicy things. We can run more in the morning. Exercise is good for the body and reduces the risk of anal fistula. However, we also need to understand it to know what to do specifically. As the saying goes, only by knowing yourself and the enemy can you win every battle. Now I will take a closer look at the causes of anal fistula.

Causes of anal fistula

1. Perianal abscess: It is mainly caused by the retention of contaminated feces in the anal crypts, which causes anal gland inflammation and leads to perianal abscess, which is the main cause of anal fistula formation.

2. Injury of the rectum and anus: Trauma, bone foreign bodies from the digestive tract, metal, anal table and anoscope examination can damage the anal canal and rectum. Bacteria invading the wound can cause perianal abscesses.

3. Anal fissure: Repeated infection of anal fissure can cause subcutaneous fistula and anal gland inflammation.

4. Perineal surgery: excessively deep injection of internal hemorrhoids or infection after surgery, infection after perineal suture after delivery, infection after prostate and urethra surgery, etc., can all affect the anorectum and cause abscesses and fistulas.

5. Tuberculosis: Swallowing bacteria or a few bloodstream infections can cause tuberculous anal fistula.

6. Ulcerative colitis: can cause anal fistula.

7. Crohn's disease: may be accompanied by anal fistula.

8. Rectal and anal canal cancer: often accompanied by anal fistula.

9. Bloodstream infection: Diseases such as diabetes, leukemia, aplastic anemia, etc., due to decreased body resistance, bloodstream infection can often cause anal fistula.

10. Others: Lymphogranuloma, actinomycosis, coccyx osteomyelitis, rectal and sigmoid colon diverticulitis, etc. can also cause perianal abscess and anal fistula.

Classification of anal fistula

1. Classification by severity of lesions:

2. Simple anal fistula: an anal fistula with only one fistula tract and direct internal and external openings.

3. Complex anal fistula: an anal fistula with two or more fistula tracts and external openings, but one or more internal openings.

4. Low-position anal fistula: Anal fistula in which the fistula tract is located deep below the external sphincter.

5. High anal fistula: An anal fistula whose fistula tract is located deep in the external sphincter or above the puborectalis muscle, and whose internal opening is at or above the dentate line.

2. Classification by internal and external ports:

1. Internal blind fistula: an anal fistula with only an internal opening and no external opening.

2. External blind fistula: an anal fistula with only an external opening but no internal opening.

3. Internal and external fistula: internal opening, external opening and fistula tract all exist, which is the most common in clinical practice.

3. Classification by pathology:

1. Purulent anal fistula: more common in clinical practice. The local redness, swelling, heat and pain are obvious, and the pus is sticky, yellow and thick with a foul smell.

2. Tuberculous anal fistula: rarely seen in clinical practice. Most of them have a history of tuberculosis, with obvious local redness, swelling, heat, pain and fluid, and thin white pus.