What causes green urine

Green urine is caused by the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in urine. Taking some drugs such as methylene blue and indigo red may also cause green urine. There are many other abnormal urine colors, such as black urine, milky white urine, red urine, etc. So when your urine color is abnormal, it is best to go to the hospital for detailed consultation with a urologist.

Green urine

It occurs when Pseudomonas aeruginosa grows in the urine, or when bilirubinuria is left for too long and oxidized into biliverdin.

Light green urine:

Seen after taking large amounts of anti-inflammatory drugs.

Dark green urine:

It can be seen in cholera, typhus, primary hypercalcemia, and vitamin D poisoning. But this color of urine is mostly related to medication, not caused by disease. It may occur after taking the diuretic triamterene, injecting methylene blue, or taking methylene blue, indigo carmine, creosote, or salicylic acid. It will disappear upon stopping the medication.

examine

Urine microscopy: The correspondence between the average value of the visual field and the qualitative result of the urine leukocyte microscopic analysis report is positive 10-20 (+), 21-50 (++), 50 (+++), and full visual field (++++).

Urinalysis: The urine is light green or dark green, turbid, and may contain precipitation.

Differential Diagnosis

Black urine: Black urine is relatively rare and often occurs in patients with acute intravascular hemolysis, such as patients with malignant malaria. It is medically known as blackwater fever and is one of the most serious complications of malignant malaria. The plasma of such patients contains a large amount of free oxygen, hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin, which are excreted in the urine, causing the urine to be dark red or black. A small number of patients may also experience dark urine after taking levodopa, cresol, phenylhydrazine, etc., which will disappear after stopping the medication. Foreign data reports that patients with paroxysmal myoglobinuria will also excrete brown-black urine after exercise, accompanied by muscle weakness, which may gradually develop into paralysis. In addition, dark urine can also be seen in phenol poisoning, melanoma, and alkaptonuria.

Brown urine (same color as soy sauce):

It can be seen in acute nephritis, acute icteric hepatitis, renal crush injury, extensive burns, hemolytic anemia, wrong blood transfusion, and even after strenuous exercise, the urine may be similar to soy sauce color. Sometimes the urine is brown after waking up from sleep, which is a characteristic of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. If this kind of urine occurs after eating green broad beans, you should be alert to favism. The patient's red blood cells lack a substance called glucose-phosphate dehydrogenase, which is somewhat hereditary. Therefore, if you develop brown urine, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, yellow skin and eyes after eating broad beans, you should go to the hospital for emergency treatment in time to prevent accidents. Colorless urine may be a sign of diabetes, chronic interstitial nephritis, or diabetes insipidus. If it is not caused by drinking too much water, you should be careful to identify it.

White urine:

White urine is common in purulent urine, chyluria and salt urine.

Purulent urine is caused by severe purulent urinary tract infection, and the urine is milky white. Purulent urine is common in pyelonephritis, cystitis, renal abscess, urethritis, or severe renal tuberculosis. Chylous urine is one of the main symptoms of filariasis, and the urine is white like milk. Because the chyle (liquid after fat saponification) absorbed by the intestine cannot be drained into the blood circulation from the normal lymphatic vessels, it can only flow back into the lymphatic vessels of the urinary system, causing increased pressure in the lymphatic vessels in the urinary system, varicose veins and rupture, allowing the chyle to overflow into the urine, resulting in chyluria. Chylous urine is usually paroxysmal. When there are red blood cells in chyluria, it is called chylous hematuria. Microfilaria (i.e. young filaria) can sometimes be found in the blood and urine of patients with chylous hematuria.

Salt urine - common in children in winter. The urine is rice-soup-like and contains a large amount of phosphate or hydrochloric acid. It is easy to precipitate after being left. If the urine is placed in a bottle and heated, it will immediately become clear. Salt urine is a normal physiological phenomenon. It can be cured without medication, the key is to drink more boiled water. Yellow urine - refers to urine that is yellow or dark yellow.

reason:

① When eating carrots, taking riboflavin, furazolidone, mefenamic acid, rhubarb and other Chinese and Western medicines, the urine may turn yellow. Once you stop taking the medicine, the yellow color will disappear immediately, so there is no need to worry. Patients with common fever or vomiting and diarrhea symptoms will have their urine concentrated and reduced because water is excreted with sweat or feces, but the urine pigment does not change, so the color of the urine appears very yellow.

② Another type of urine is yellow like strong tea, which is not due to the above reasons, but due to lesions in the liver or scrotum. It turns out that there are usually two ways for bile to be discharged: one from the urine and the other from the intestines. When the liver or gallbladder is diseased, the bile's path to the intestines is cut off and it can only be excreted in the urine. The urine also becomes dark yellow due to the increased bile content. In the early stages of hepatitis, before jaundice appears, we often see that the color of urine is like strong tea, which is often a sign of hepatitis.

In addition, yellow turbid pyuria is a manifestation of suppuration of the urinary organs. Blue urine - can be seen in cholera, typhus, primary hypercalcemia, and vitamin D poisoning. But this color of urine is mostly related to medication, not caused by disease. It may occur after taking the diuretic triamterene, injecting methylene blue, or taking methylene blue, indigo carmine, creosote, or salicylic acid. It will disappear upon stopping the medication. This blue urine caused by medication is a normal phenomenon and there is no need to worry too much.

Red urine - when the urine turns red, it usually means there are red blood cells in the urine, which is medically called hematuria. The causes of hematuria are very complex, and there are hundreds of diseases that can be correctly diagnosed:

① If hematuria is accompanied by nose bleeding, bleeding gums, and skin bleeding, this may be due to a systemic bleeding disease, such as thrombocytopenia, allergic purpura, hemophilia, or even leukemia. Hematuria is just a manifestation of systemic bleeding.

②If hematuria is accompanied by fever, joint swelling and pain, skin lesions, and multiple organ damage, it may be a connective tissue disease (such as systemic lupus erythematosus, nodular arteritis, etc.).

③If hematuria is accompanied by hypertension, edema, and proteinuria, it is mostly glomerulonephritis.

④ If hematuria is accompanied by dull pain in the waist and abdomen, urgency, frequency, and pain when urinating, it is mostly urinary tract infection or tuberculosis.

⑤ If hematuria is accompanied by distension and pain in the lower back or abdominal cramps on one side, kidney or ureteral stones are most likely the cause. Especially if the patient is in so much pain that he cannot turn around in bed, it is most likely ureteral stones.

⑥ If hematuria is accompanied by difficulty, strain, and dripping of urine, in elderly men, it is mostly due to prostate hypertrophy, while in middle-aged men, urethral stenosis, urethral stones, or bladder tumors should be considered.

Visible or significant microscopic hematuria in people over 50 years of age, whether male or female, suggests the presence of a urinary tract disease. In particular, sudden onset of painless hematuria is mostly a manifestation of tumor erosion of the urine excretion duct, causing rupture and bleeding. If there is any delay, the opportunity for effective treatment will be lost forever.

Mitigation methods

The change in urine color has the same meaning as a fever in the human body. It is a warning that there may be certain diseases in the body, reminding you to pay attention to your body and seek medical treatment immediately for early diagnosis and treatment to avoid delaying recovery. The treatment of green urine should first check what the cause is, such as inflammation or infection, and then treat it after the cause is determined.