How can Poland Syndrome be treated?

Poland syndrome is a congenital dysplasia of the pectoral muscles. Patients with this syndrome generally have syndactyly or other abnormalities, and are more likely to be male than female. To treat Poland syndrome, it is necessary to check the patient's condition. If it is a mild condition, it can be corrected by filling with one's own fat. This treatment method is relatively simple.

Poland Syndrome

Poland syndrome (also known as Poland's syndrome, Poland's syndactyly, Poland's sequence, Poland's deformity) is a rare congenital defect characterized by unilateral congenital hypoplasia or absence of the pectoral muscles (rarely bilateral) and accompanied by syndactyly of the fingers on the same side. This symptom usually occurs on the right side of the body. This symptom has been found in more males than females.

1. Mild Poland syndrome/Poland syndrome/Poland syndrome only manifests as a partial defect of the pectoralis major muscle, with no or only mild rib depression and partial subcutaneous fat. It can be corrected by multiple autologous fat injections, with the thickness of the fat filled in replacing the defective pectoralis major muscle.

2. In severe Poland syndrome, the underdeveloped or defective tissue may affect the entire structure of the chest wall, i.e., the skin and subcutaneous fat are underdeveloped, the areola and nipple are underdeveloped or absent, the pectoralis major muscle is completely missing, the deep and adjacent muscles of the pectoralis major muscle are missing, the ribs and costal cartilage are missing, and there may be a depressed chest wall. Dr. Liu Chunjun believes that at this time, different problems need to be treated differently. Simply put, the basic principle is "make up for what is lacking." ① If there is severe rib depression, a personalized silicone prosthesis can be made to repair the bone defect at the depressed area. ② Repair large areas of muscle defects through latissimus dorsi muscle flap transfer. The surgical methods include traditional latissimus dorsi transplantation and endoscopic minimally invasive latissimus dorsi transplantation. ③ Autologous fat injection filling can supplement subcutaneous thickness and local small depressions, "adding icing on the cake". ④ Areola and nipple defects can be reconstructed with local skin flaps, but since male patients have relatively small nipples, a simpler tattooing method is usually used to solve the problem.

3. Female patients with Poland syndrome can undergo breast reconstruction surgery. The reconstruction methods include abdominal or back skin flaps, muscle, fat transplantation, or combined with prosthesis implantation.