This symptom is the main manifestation of aplastic anemia

Aplastic anemia is a disease caused by bone marrow hematopoietic failure due to various reasons in the body. It generally presents symptoms such as anemia and infection, and can cause high fever or severe low fever, especially dizziness during the day. The chance of death is relatively high and it can lead to blood cancer.

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a group of comprehensive symptoms caused by bone marrow hematopoietic failure due to various reasons. The symptoms generally include anemia, bleeding, infection, fever (high or low fever), fatigue in walking, dizziness, etc. Among blood diseases (including hemolytic anemia, iron deficiency anemia, myelofibrosis, myeloid leukemia, thalassemia, lymphoid leukemia...), the mortality rate of aplastic anemia and leukemia accounts for 80%, and the mortality rate of acute aplastic anemia and leukemia accounts for 95%. Therefore, aplastic anemia is known as "soft cancer" and leukemia is known as "blood cancer".

Characteristics of aplastic anemia

1. Pancytopenia leads to corresponding clinical symptoms, such as leukopenia, which makes the patient susceptible to infection and fever; erythropenia, which leads to palpitations, fatigue, dizziness, etc.; thrombocytopenia, which leads to bleeding;

2. Low bone marrow proliferation, increased yellow marrow and fatty tissue, and decreased hematopoietic tissue (red marrow);

3. Commonly used anti-anemia drugs are ineffective.

Symptoms of aplastic anemia

Acute aplastic anemia

The disease has an acute onset and progresses rapidly, with bleeding and infectious fever often being the first and main manifestations. Anemia is often not obvious at the beginning of the disease, but it becomes progressive as the disease progresses. Almost all of them have a bleeding tendency, and more than 60% have internal bleeding, mainly manifested as gastrointestinal bleeding, hematuria, fundus hemorrhage (often accompanied by visual impairment) and intracranial hemorrhage. Bleeding from the skin and mucous membranes is extensive, severe, and difficult to control. Fever is almost always present during the course of the disease, which is caused by infection. Necrotic ulcers often occur in the oropharynx and around the anus, leading to sepsis. Pneumonia is also common. Infection and bleeding are mutually causal, causing the condition to worsen day by day. If only general treatment is used, most patients will die within a year.

Chronic aplastic anemia

The onset is slow, with anemia as the first and main manifestation; bleeding is mostly limited to the skin and mucous membranes and is not serious; infection may occur, but it is often mainly in the respiratory tract and is easy to control. If the treatment is appropriate and persistent, many patients can achieve long-term relief or even recovery, but some patients will suffer from the disease for many years or even for decades. A few will develop clinical manifestations of acute aplastic anemia in the later stages, which is called acute phase of chronic aplastic anemia.

Commonalities among patients with aplastic anemia

After suffering from aplastic anemia, various blood cells will decrease, and the number of lymphocytes will increase. If the lymphocyte count is above 70%, the person is prone to acute aplastic anemia, fever, and bleeding. The bone marrow of patients with aplastic anemia has no hematopoietic function, and their hemoglobin level is below 6g, which can be easily maintained by blood transfusion. The amount of blood transfusion is related to the progression of the disease. After suffering from acute or chronic aplastic anemia, the most feared things are colds, fevers, sudden anger, spontaneous diarrhea, overwork, and bleeding. Whenever any of these six situations occur, the blood cell count will decrease. The condition of patients with aplastic anemia will worsen after marriage. Aplastic anemia is not hereditary, not contagious, and does not affect fertility.

Common causes of aplastic anemia

Chemical factors: arsenic, benzene, lead poisoning, etc.

Drugs: chloramphenicol, syndecan, sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, promethazine, phenobarbital, analgin, etc.

Pesticide poisoning: 3911, 1059, 1605, etc.

Physical factors: ion radiation, X-ray radiation, nuclear radiation, etc.