For sepsis, we need to focus on prevention and treatment. This disease often has an acute onset, so we need to detect it in time through some early symptoms, such as when the patient develops shortness of breath, increased heart rate, and jaundice in infants and young children. (1) Symptoms of infection and poisoning usually begin suddenly, with chills or shivering first, followed by high fever with variable fever patterns, such as remittent fever or prolonged fever. The weak, severely malnourished, and infants may not have a fever, or their body temperature may even be lower than normal. Mental depression or irritability. In severe cases, the face may become pale or gray and the patient may become unconscious. The extremities are cold, breathing is rapid, heart rate is increased, blood pressure is decreased, and infants and young children may also develop jaundice. (ii) Skin lesions Various skin lesions may be seen in some children, with petechiae, ecchymoses, scarlet fever-like rash and morbilliform rash being the most common. The rash is common on the skin of the limbs, trunk, or oral mucosa. In meningococcal sepsis, petechiae or ecchymoses of varying sizes may be seen; scarlet fever-like rash is common in streptococcal and Staphylococcus aureus sepsis. (III) Gastrointestinal symptoms often include vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and even hematemesis and bloody stools. In severe cases, toxic intestinal paralysis, dehydration, and acidosis may occur. (IV) Joint symptoms: Some children may experience joint swelling and pain, movement disorders or joint effusion, which are more common in large joints. (V) Hepatosplenomegaly is more common in infants and young children, with mild or moderate enlargement; some children may develop toxic hepatitis; when liver abscess is caused by migratory damage of Staphylococcus aureus, liver tenderness is obvious. (VI) Other symptoms: Severely ill children often have symptoms of solid organ involvement such as myocarditis, heart failure, confusion, drowsiness, coma, oliguria or anuria. Staphylococcus aureus sepsis often presents with multiple migratory lesions; Gram-negative sepsis is often complicated by shock and DIC. Petechiae, ecchymoses, pus, cerebrospinal fluid, pleural effusion, and ascites can also be directly smeared and examined under a microscope to look for bacteria. |
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