What are the symptoms of bronchiectasis and hemoptysis

Some patients with bronchiectasis may experience coughing up blood and may also have symptoms of chronic cough. In such cases, a timely diagnosis should be made to see whether bronchiectasis has led to the occurrence of other complications, and timely treatment should be given.

1. Chronic cough , sputum and hemoptysis are the main symptoms of bronchiectasis. Cough is the most common and persistent. Cough is caused by inflammatory stimulation and is mainly for expectoration. There are paroxysms of coughing when expectorating or postural drainage in the early morning. The cough will be relieved by lying on the affected side in a low position. The cough will worsen when the disease worsens and the sputum increases. Coughing up sputum is related to the severity and range of the lesion and whether the tracheal drainage is unobstructed. If the lesion worsens, fever or bronchial obstruction occurs, the amount of sputum will decrease. When the lesion is static, there may be no sputum and it may become "dry bronchiectasis". Patients with mild lesions have a small amount of yellow sputum every day, while patients with severe cases have sputum volume of up to hundreds of milliliters a day. After standing, the upper layer is foam, the middle layer is mucus, and the lower layer is yellow-green pus. In the presence of anaerobic bacteria, the sputum is disgusting. Currently, due to the availability of a variety of highly effective antibiotics, cases of large amounts of purulent sputum are no longer common.

2. Fever: Repeated infections in patients may cause systemic poisoning symptoms. There may be no fever in the early stage. However, when the secretions are not drained well and the inflammation spreads, causing pneumonia, lung abscess, pleurisy or empyema, the patient may have a high fever.

3. Other symptoms: As the disease worsens, patients may experience loss of appetite, weight loss, etc. Children may suffer from growth and nutritional deficiencies, and a small number of patients may develop secondary amyloidosis.

4. Bronchiectasis may also cause other complications, such as combined symptoms such as upper respiratory tract infection, sinusitis, and tonsillitis.

5. Signs: Early bronchial lesions are mild and small in scope, and there may be no obvious signs. When the lesions are obvious, persistent moist rales can be heard at the site of the lesions, which may disappear temporarily after expectoration. About 1/3 of patients with long-term illness may develop clubbing.