What are the items in the routine blood test

A routine blood test is the most basic physical examination item, which can detect the early symptoms of systemic diseases as early as possible. The items of a routine blood test include red blood cell count, hemoglobin determination, and platelet count.

1. Red blood cell count (RBC) and hemoglobin measurement (HGB)

The first item on a routine blood test report is the red blood cell count. The main function of red blood cells is to transport oxygen to various tissues and organs throughout the body and to expel carbon dioxide produced in the body. This main function is mainly achieved by a protein in red blood cells, which is hemoglobin (Hb).

Under normal circumstances, the ratio of the number of red blood cells to the hemoglobin content is relatively fixed. However, in the case of anemia, the ratio between them will change. For example, in the case of hypochromic anemia, the decrease in hemoglobin content will be very obvious, and the ratio of red blood cells to hemoglobin will increase. Therefore, when looking at the test report, you must first pay attention to the values ​​of these two items.

2. Platelet count (PLT)

The main function of platelets is blood clotting. Without them, a small wound could be life-threatening. Generally speaking, the platelet count is the third key point that should be paid attention to when observing the test results. If the platelet count is reduced, there may be problems with coagulation.

3. White blood cell count (WBC) and differential count (DC)

White blood cells in the blood include neutrophils, eosinophils, alkaliphils, and lymphocytes. The white blood cell count (WBC) in the test report refers to the total number of white blood cells in the blood, while the differential count refers to the percentage of each type of white blood cell. Since various white blood cells have different physiological functions, the number of different types of white blood cells may change under different pathological conditions.

Generally speaking, it is enough to master the white blood cell count, neutrophil (N) and lymphocyte (L) classification, because in daily life, doctors judge whether the body has an infection based on the number of white blood cells, and then judge what type of infection it is and what type of medicine should be used based on the classification of white blood cells. Generally speaking, if the number of neutrophils increases, it means bacterial infection, and if the number of lymphocytes increases, it means viral infection.