What are the symptoms of capillary dilation

Capillaries are mainly in the inner layer of the skin. After scratching the skin, the location of the blood vessels can be seen. The larger the wound, the more bleeding will occur. Capillaries are also familiar to everyone. Patients should observe the relevant characteristics of capillaries. If an accident occurs, symptomatic treatment should be given. Before diagnosing the disease, we must observe the manifestations of capillary dilation to preliminarily judge its severity. So what are the manifestations of capillary dilation?

The facial skin turns red, and the dilated capillaries can be seen with the naked eye. Some of them appear as red or purple spots, dots, lines or star-shaped lesions. This is telangiectasia, commonly known as blood-red threads. It is a skin lesion that occurs on the face or trunk. Most of them are acquired, but some patients are congenital. Facial capillary dilation is the main cause of beauty problems. It is more common in women, and the clinical manifestations are filamentous, punctate, star-shaped or flaky erythema on the face. If you look closely, you can see many red blood vessels on the skin, like strands of red threads.

Common telangiectatic diseases:

1. Congenital malformations of capillaries

That is, the capillary walls are congenitally weak and cannot contract. This disease usually occurs on the face, neck, back of the head, and scalp at birth or shortly after birth. It can be unilateral and scattered, or bilateral and multiple. Initially, there is a light red, dark red, or purple-red lesion of varying sizes on the skin or mucous membrane, ranging from the size of a needle tip to a limb or half of the trunk. After crying, the color deepens, the boundaries are clear, the shapes vary, and it does not protrude above the skin, but is higher in some areas. After pressure, it fades partially or completely and the surface becomes smooth. As age increases, children or young adults may develop symptoms or nodular lesions, mostly occurring in the lower legs and feet, which may manifest as painful purple-blue nodules and plaques, which may also ulcerate.

Pathological telangiectasia in the upper and middle parts of the dermis may increase with age and extend to the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue.

2. Spider capillary dilation

It often occurs in normal children, pregnant women and patients with liver disease. The cause is unknown, but may be related to estrogen. The lesions resemble spiders in shape, and radial capillary dilation can be seen with the naked eye, resembling spider legs. Slightly raised, arterial pulsation can be seen after compression. The sizes vary, with the largest being 1~1.5cm in diameter. It often occurs on the face, neck, and hands, but can also occur on the upper trunk. Most patients have a single lesion, often on one side. If multiple lesions occur, it is necessary to rule out liver disease. For example, spider capillary dilation that occurs on the nasal mucosa and lips is difficult to differentiate from hereditary hemorrhagic capillary dilation. If it occurs in children, most of them persist and are difficult to resolve naturally. If it occurs in a pregnant woman, it is expected to disappear about 6 months after delivery. If she becomes pregnant again, there is a possibility of recurrence at the original location. It is not uncommon for the disease to persist.

3. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

It is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by dilation of capillaries and venules with bleeding in the skin, mucous membranes and internal organs. The cause of the disease is still unknown. The basic pathological changes are congenital capillary contraction and relaxation defects, which are manifested by thin blood vessel walls. The walls of some capillaries, arterioles and venules are composed of only a layer of endothelial cells, and are surrounded by only a layer of muscleless, inelastic connective tissue. The blood vessels cannot contract, resulting in hemangioma-like enlargement of the capillaries, arterioles and venules, and arteriovenous fistulas may occur. Some patients have abnormal blood coagulation, and the fibrinogen activator component in the tissue around the capillaries increases, which increases the fibrinolytic activity and causes bleeding. The disease usually develops in childhood, and the incidence rate increases gradually with age. Typical skin lesions are: bright red or purple maculopapular rashes. The diameter is generally <4~5mm, and it may also appear as linear or spider-like capillary dilation with clear boundaries. It turns white after compression and recovers quickly when released. These skin lesions often persist and do not disappear on their own.

What are the symptoms of capillary dilation? After reading the above article, you can determine its specific symptoms. Patients can then discover the type of capillary dilation. The symptoms that appear in the body at this time are different. Patients should observe their abnormalities and conduct scientific examinations and diagnoses. Treatment should be targeted and other diseases of the patient should be considered to prevent various hazards and complications of the body after capillary dilation.