How many types of chronic nephritis are there?

Nephritis is the most common disease of the kidney organs nowadays. Everyone has kidneys in their body and they occupy a very important position in the body. Therefore, we need to take good care of ourselves, but there are still many people who suffer from chronic nephritis due to some reasons. At this time, you need to have a good understanding of the disease, or know yourself and the enemy, so that you can treat the disease. Let’s find out how many types of chronic nephritis there are.

Kidney diseases are classified according to etiology, pathogenesis, tissue morphology or clinical manifestations. Clinical classification is based entirely on clinical manifestations and only reflects one aspect of the nature of the disease; pathological classification is based on tissue morphology. Both classification methods are currently used in clinical practice. However, the two belong to different conceptual categories and it is difficult to have a direct and definite connection between them.

Clinical classification of renal diseases: The Second National Academic Conference on Nephrology in September 1985 revised the “Clinical Classification Scheme for Primary Glomerular Diseases” developed at the Beidaihe Nephritis Symposium in 1977.

1. Primary Glomerular Disease

1. Acute glomerulonephritis (abbreviated as acute nephritis, the same below)

1. The onset is acute and the severity of the disease varies. Most cases have a good prognosis and generally recover within a few months to a year.

2. There is proteinuria, hematuria (microscopic or macroscopic hematuria), tubular urine, often edema, hypertension or transient azotemia. B-ultrasound examination shows no shrinkage of the kidneys.

3. Some cases have a history of acute streptococcal infection, with onset one to three weeks after infection.

2. Rapidly progressive nephritis

1. The onset is sudden, the condition is severe and the disease progresses rapidly.

2. Symptoms such as proteinuria, hematuria, tubular urine, and edema are all obvious, and there may be hypertension, rapidly developing anemia, and hypoproteinemia.

3. Renal function progressively declines, resulting in oliguria or anuria. Without effective treatment, most people will die of uremia within half a year.

3. Chronic nephritis

1. The onset is slow, the disease is protracted, and the symptoms are sometimes mild and sometimes severe. Renal function gradually declines, and anemia, retinopathy and uremia may occur in the later stages.

2. There are varying degrees of proteinuria, edema, hypertension and other symptoms, with varying degrees of severity.

3. During the course of the disease, acute attacks may be induced by respiratory tract infections and other reasons, resulting in symptoms similar to acute nephritis. Some cases may also have a period of automatic remission.

4. According to clinical manifestations, it can be further divided into:

(1) The common type has various symptoms of nephritis but no prominent manifestations.

(2) Hypertensive type: In addition to the general symptoms of nephritis, there are prominent manifestations of hypertension.

(3) The acute onset type presents with symptoms of acute nephritis syndrome during the chronic course.

4. Nephrotic syndrome

1. Heavy proteinuria (more than 3.5 g/24 h).

2. Hypoproteinemia (plasma albumin < 30 g/L).

3. Obvious edema.

4. Hyperlipidemia.

I hope everyone will carefully read the several types of chronic nephritis classification introduced above, because the same treatment methods will be very different for different types of chronic nephritis. If you fail to follow the correct treatment method, not only will it be impossible to recover quickly, but the condition may even get worse, so I hope everyone can understand.