What is sciatic foramen hernia

I believe many people have never heard of the unfamiliar term "sciatic hernia". What exactly is it? How can non-professionals prevent and treat it if they don’t know the answer? In response to this situation, today we will briefly introduce to you the relevant knowledge and clinical manifestations of sciatic hernia, hoping it will be helpful to everyone.

1. Classification

There are three types of sciatic hernias based on the route of hernial contents: suprapiriformis through the greater sciatic foramen, subpiriformis through the lesser sciatic foramen, and subsciatic hernia through the lesser sciatic foramen (Figure 1).

2. Pathology

The internal opening of the sciatic hernia is in the ovarian fossa behind the broad ligament. The contents of the hernia can be any organ in the lower abdomen and pelvic cavity, but the small intestine is the most common. After the hernia contents enter the hernia sac, they protrude from the pelvic cavity through the upper or lower piriformis muscle, or below the sciatic spine, and go down along the sciatic nerve with the least resistance into the thigh, appearing at the lower edge of the gluteus maximus or the back of the thigh.

Sciatic hernia - clinical presentation

1. Tenderness occurs in the area of ​​the greater and lesser sciatic foramina, sometimes accompanied by pain in the upper and lower buttocks or sciatica.

2. There is a swelling in the gluteal groove (i.e., the fold of the skin under the buttocks), and the size varies with different body positions. The swelling may disappear when the pelvis is in a high lying position. When the abdominal pressure is increased, there is a local impact feeling or a swelling appears.

3. Usually there is mild abdominal discomfort, and when the contents are impacted, symptoms of mechanical intestinal obstruction may occur.

complication:

Intestinal strangulation and necrosis may occur if the contents are trapped.

Sciatic Hernia - Diagnosis

1. Medical history: A middle-aged woman with a history of multiple childbirths; a reducible mass appears in the gluteal groove, the size of which changes with body position; there is tenderness or bone neuralgia in the sciatic foramen area.

2. Physical signs include tenderness in the greater sciatic foramen or lesser sciatic foramen area. In some cases, a lump can be felt in the gluteal groove. When the abdominal pressure is increased, the local lump increases. When coughing, there is a local impact sensation. It can be retracted when there is no incarceration.

3. Auxiliary examinations are consistent with signs of sciatic hernia.

The above is some clinical knowledge about the treatment and prevention of sciatic hernia introduced to you today. Friends who are interested or in need can go to professional knowledge websites or libraries to collect information and complete the corresponding knowledge reserves. At that time, it was recommended that everyone exercise more and pay attention to any abnormalities and changes in their bodies.