Where is the most common site of vasculitis?

Vasculitis is mainly an inflammation that occurs inside the blood vessels. It is a bit like a variant inflammation of allergic reaction and is also called thromboangiitis obliterans. Patients with vasculitis are likely to have necrosis of a certain part of the body, or rot and ulcers. This is a more concerned disease inside the blood vessels, so let me tell you where vasculitis is prone to occur and how to better prevent it.

Clinical features of vasculitis (1) Coldness, intolerance to cold, numbness and paresthesia of the limbs, especially the toes, are common early symptoms. . (2) Pain is the main symptom of this disease, which manifests as: ① Intermittent claudication: After the patient walks for a distance, the calf or foot muscles will experience numbness, soreness, pain, twitching, weakness and other symptoms. If the patient continues to walk, the symptoms will worsen and he will eventually be forced to stop. After standing and resting for a while, the pain will quickly ease and he can continue walking, but the above symptoms will reappear after walking. This symptom is called intermittent claudication, which is a typical manifestation of insufficient blood supply to the lower limb arteries.

② Resting pain: When arterial ischemia is severe, the pain in the affected limb is severe and continuous. The pain still persists even when resting, making it difficult to sleep all night. Even if the toe is ulcerated and infected, the pain will be more severe.

(3) Limb nutritional disorders: manifested as thickening and deformation of toenails, dry skin, hair loss, and atrophy of the calf or foot muscles. When the disease progresses, ischemic dryness, blackening, and necrosis of the toe tips may occur.

① Intermittent claudication: After the patient walks for a distance, the calf or foot muscles will experience numbness, soreness, pain, twitching, weakness and other symptoms. If the patient continues to walk, the symptoms will worsen and he will be forced to stop. After standing and resting for a while, the pain will quickly ease and he can continue walking, but the above symptoms will reappear after walking. This symptom is called intermittent claudication, which is a typical manifestation of insufficient blood supply to the lower limb arteries.

② Resting pain: When arterial ischemia is severe, the pain in the affected limb is severe and continuous. The pain still persists even when resting, making it difficult to sleep all night. Even if the toe is ulcerated and infected, the pain will be more severe.

(3) Limb nutritional disorders: manifested as thickening and deformation of toenails, dry skin, hair loss, and atrophy of the calf or foot muscles. When the disease progresses, ischemic dryness, blackening, and necrosis of the toe tips may occur.

In terms of anatomical location: vasculitis, the full name of which is "thromboangiitis obliterans", is an allergic inflammation occurring in blood vessels, leading to segmental stenosis and occlusion of small and medium-sized arteries, loss of nutrition in the extremities, ulcers, and necrosis. It is a more stubborn vascular disease and not an inflammatory manifestation of the blood vessel wall itself. The dorsalis pedis artery is most commonly affected, followed by the popliteal and femoral arteries. In terms of the site of disease, it is more common in the lower limbs, but can also occur in the upper limbs.

In the early stage, the affected limbs may feel numb, cold, afraid of cold, and heavy, with needle-like pain in the toes, spasmodic pain in the calf muscles, intermittent claudication, weak or absent arterial pulses in the affected limbs, and migratory superficial phlebitis. The systemic symptoms are not significant. In the middle stage, the affected limb will feel numbness, coldness, fear of cold, worsening intermittent claudication, and resting pain. The skin of the affected limb is often flushed, purple or pale, the skin of the foot is dry and peeling, the toenails grow slowly, become thickened and deformed, the hair falls out, the calf muscles atrophy, and the arterial pulsation of the affected limb disappears. May cause emotional distress, dizziness, back pain, and loose muscles and bones. In the later stages, the affected limbs develop ulcers or necrosis due to severe blood circulation disorders. Most of the time, the disease is confined to the toes or feet, and it is rare for it to spread upward to the ankle or calf. The pain is severe and unbearable. Patients often sit with their knees hugged, beat their chests and stamp their feet, wailing loudly, and feeling extremely painful. After a gangrenous toe falls off, it often leaves behind ulcers that take a long time to heal. The whole body is often accompanied by symptoms such as fever, dry mouth, loss of appetite, insomnia, constipation, and yellow and red urine.

Patients with vasculitis must pay more attention. If they are male friends, they must quit smoking, exercise more, and be careful not to get trauma. Even minor abrasions are not acceptable. Patients with vasculitis do not have smooth blood circulation. If they are injured, they will be more susceptible to infection and more difficult to heal. Exercising more is to promote blood circulation so as not to aggravate the condition.