What is cerebral salt wasting syndrome

Brain salt wasting syndrome is a very harmful and dangerous disease of the brain. Although it is not common in life, it should also attract everyone's attention, because sometimes once this rare disease occurs, if you don't know much about it and ignore it, it is easy to cause indelible consequences. So what is it? What is the cause of the disease? Can it be treated well?

Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized by hyponatremia and dehydration, which is mostly caused by nervous system damage or tumors. It is now believed that the hyponatremia of cerebral salt-wasting syndrome is caused by excessive renal sodium excretion due to hypothalamic endocrine dysfunction, which was first described by Peters, Welt and others in 1950. symptom

The main symptoms and manifestations of CSWS are polyuria (adults urinate more than 2.5L in 24 hours), thirst and the desire for more salt intake, dehydration and autonomic dysfunction. Patients usually have spontaneous polydipsia and polysalt diet. Other symptoms may include muscle cramps, dizziness, nervousness, panic, tachycardia or bradycardia, and hypotension or orthostatic hypotension, which may lead to syncope. Other symptoms related to autonomic dysfunction: headache, pale or flushed face, constipation or diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, acid reflux, blurred vision, numbness or tingling, wheezing, chest pain, etc.

Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome is usually caused by brain trauma, tumors, hematomas, etc. Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome is often diagnosed by exclusion and is often difficult to differentiate from the hyponatremic presentation of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The main difference between the two is that the blood volume of CSWS patients is usually reduced, while the blood volume of SIADH patients is usually high. Urinary sodium less than 100 mmol/L (100 mEq/L) is more common in SIADH than in CSWS. If serum sodium tends to rise when the patient is on fluid restriction, SIADH is usually considered.

CSWS usually appears about a week after craniocerebral injury and can resolve on its own within 2-4 weeks. In some patients, it can last for months, years or even lifelong. Treatment of CSWS usually requires aggressive improvement of fluid and sodium chloride intake. There are reports that hydrocortisone may exacerbate hyponatremia.

Of course, this disease is a relatively rare brain disease, so there is no need to panic too much. This article briefly describes it to let everyone know about the existence of this disease. I believe that if everyone has more physical examinations, exercises more, and lives a healthy and reasonable life, the body will be very healthy. Of course, if you feel unwell, seeking medical treatment in time is the best choice. Don't make blind judgments yourself.