What is the colon?

There are intestines in the human body, which are divided into the large intestine and the small intestine. The colon is different from all other parts. In its own position, the colon can help our body play a key role. We must take good care of the colon at ordinary times. If it is not well taken care of, it will cause a lot of trouble and burden, and it is very likely to cause some complications. This requires special attention.

Introduction

The colon continues to the cecum in the right iliac fossa and connects to the rectum at the level of the third sacral vertebra. The colon is divided into four parts: ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon. Most of it is fixed to the posterior abdominal wall. The arrangement of the colon resembles the English letter "M", surrounding the small intestine. The diameter of the colon decreases from 6 cm at its beginning to 2.5 cm at the end of the sigmoid colon, which is the narrowest part of the colon lumen.

Colon characteristics

Colon

Observation specimen colon cross-section (HE staining)

Observation with the naked eye reveals that the mucosa of the intestinal wall is stained purple, and from the outside it is the submucosa, muscularis and adventitia. The protrusions of the mucosa and part of the submucosa into the intestinal cavity are the cross-sections of semicircular folds, and the local enlargement of the muscular layer is the colon band. Low-power and high-power observations.

(1) Mucosa: No villi and annular folds. It is divided into three layers from inside to outside.

② Skin: It is a single-layer columnar epithelium, containing more goblet cells.

② Lamina propria: contains a large number of intestinal glands and more lymphoid tissue. The intestinal glands are single tubular glands with openings on the mucosal surface. The cell composition is the same as the epithelium, and there are no Paneth cells.

Colon Care

Ulcerative colitis, also known as nonspecific ulcerative colitis, is an inflammatory disease of the rectum and colon of unknown cause. The lesions mainly affect the large intestinal mucosa and submucosa. Due to its long course of illness and treatment time, slow recovery and easy relapse, it causes physical and mental discomfort to patients. In order to improve the therapeutic effect and shorten the course of treatment, our department compared the local application of Chinese and Western medicine enema solutions in 70 patients.

A series of nursing measures achieved satisfactory results. The report is as follows.

Materials and Methods

General information: All 70 patients met the trial scheme of diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and efficacy standards for ulcerative colitis published by the Digestive Diseases Committee of the Chinese Association of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine. Among them, 37 were males and 33 were females; aged 21 to 49 years (average 37 years); 27 were cadres, 26 were workers, and 17 were farmers; 41 had a disease course of 0 to 1 year, and 29 had a disease course of 1 to 3 years. All cases were diagnosed by colonoscopy and pathological examination, and diseases such as bacillary dysentery, amebic dysentery and colorectal cancer were excluded.

Nursing points

Psychological care: Due to the long course of illness, slow recovery and concerns about prognosis, patients in this group are prone to anxiety, fear and tension. Nurses need to patiently explain to patients the purpose, method and effect of enema and explain that patient cooperation is the key to treatment and care. They should point out that local medication is better than systemic medication, which can reduce the side effects of drugs and improve efficacy. Introduce relevant knowledge about this disease, reduce the patient's psychological burden, obtain active cooperation, and complete enema treatment according to quality.