How to operate cardiovascular angiography

The heart is one of the most important organs in our human body. Our heart maintains blood circulation. If there is a problem with the heart, it can easily cause harm to our body. However, our heart is always inside the body and we cannot see it normally. Once there is a problem with the heart, we cannot observe it. Fortunately, we have some high-tech methods that can be used to diagnose cardiovascular disease, such as cardiovascular angiography.

How to perform cardiovascular angiography:

1. Before surgery

The skin should be prepared and an iodine allergy test should be performed. To avoid nausea, vomiting and even aspiration caused by contrast agents, fasting for 6 hours before surgery. Some sedatives such as barbiturates or diazepam can be given before surgery. Older children and adults can use 1% lidocaine for local anesthesia. Infants and young children require intravenous or enhanced anesthesia combined with 1% lidocaine local anesthesia.

2. Intraoperative

During the operation, the cardiac catheter is usually inserted through percutaneous puncture of the femoral artery and vein. If coronary angiography is required, the radial artery can be selected. The catheter is advanced to the site selected for imaging. When the catheter is in the blood vessel and cardiac cavity, heparin saline (500 ml contains 40 mg of heparin) should be flushed and dripped into the cardiac catheter to prevent catheter clotting. If left heart system angiography is performed, when the catheter is placed in the arterial system, 0.5 mg/kg of heparin should be pushed into the catheter for anticoagulation to prevent thrombosis and embolism. After angiography, remove the cardiac catheter and apply pressure to stop bleeding at the puncture site until bleeding stops. Apply pressure bandage after it stops. Especially for arterial puncture, attention should be paid to stop bleeding thoroughly to avoid the formation of hematoma.

3. Postoperative

After returning to the ward, patients undergoing cardiovascular angiography should be monitored for changes in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, and body temperature within the first 4 to 6 hours to promptly detect changes in cardiac function, arrhythmias, and adverse reactions to contrast agents so that they can be treated in a timely manner. Conscious patients should be encouraged to drink plenty of water, and patients who are not awake from anesthesia should be given appropriate intravenous fluid replacement to promote the excretion of contrast agent and reduce the impact on the kidneys. The patient's wound should be observed for bleeding. Patients who undergo femoral artery puncture need to stay in bed for 24 hours to avoid getting up too early, which may cause hematoma or dissecting aneurysm at the puncture site.

In the above article, we introduced the importance of the heart to the human body. Once there is a problem with our heart, it will cause harm to our body. Cardiovascular angiography is a method that can be used to diagnose cardiovascular disease. I believe everyone already knows the operation method of cardiovascular angiography.