What causes breast cancer

The occurrence of breast cancer is related to multiple factors such as genetics, environment, physiology, trauma and pathology. The specific causes include gene mutation, abnormal hormone levels, lifestyle and external environmental stimulation. The prevention and treatment of breast cancer requires genetic testing, healthy lifestyle, regular screening and medical intervention.

1. Genetic factors

The occurrence of breast cancer is closely related to genetics, especially BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations. These gene mutations significantly increase the risk of breast cancer. If there is a family history of breast cancer, it is recommended to undergo genetic testing to understand your own risk. For high-risk groups, preventive surgery or drug intervention can be considered.

2. Environmental factors

Long-term exposure to radiation, chemicals such as benzene and formaldehyde, and unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking and drinking can increase the risk of breast cancer. Reducing exposure to harmful substances and maintaining healthy living habits are important measures to prevent breast cancer. For example, avoid long-term use of cosmetics containing hormones and reduce the intake of high-fat diets.

3. Physiological factors

Abnormal hormone levels are one of the main causes of breast cancer. Women with early menarche, late menopause, nulliparity or late childbearing may have higher levels of estrogen in their bodies, which may increase the risk of breast cancer. Obesity can also lead to hormone imbalance and increase the risk of disease. Maintaining a healthy weight and exercising regularly can help regulate hormone levels.

4. Trauma and pathological factors

Chest trauma or long-term chronic inflammation may induce abnormal proliferation of breast tissue and increase the risk of cancer. At the same time, benign lesions such as breast hyperplasia and fibroadenoma may also develop into breast cancer. Regular breast examinations and timely detection and treatment of breast diseases are the key to preventing breast cancer.

5. Prevention and treatment

Prevention of breast cancer requires lifestyle, diet, exercise and other aspects. It is recommended to eat more fiber-rich foods, such as vegetables, fruits and whole grains, and reduce the intake of red meat and processed foods. Perform at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, such as brisk walking, swimming or yoga. For patients with confirmed breast cancer, treatments include surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Surgical methods include breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy. The specific choice should be determined according to the condition and doctor's advice.

The prevention and treatment of breast cancer requires a combination of measures. Early detection and intervention are the key to improving the cure rate. Regular breast screening, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and timely medical treatment can effectively reduce the risk and harm of breast cancer.