What causes throat cancer

The occurrence of laryngeal cancer may be caused by genetics, long-term exposure to harmful environmental factors, unhealthy living habits and certain chronic diseases. Early exploration of the cause and prevention are critical to reducing the risk of disease.

1. Genetic factors

A family history of throat cancer or other related cancers may increase the genetic risk. This is because gene mutations may cause cells to lack the normal self-repair function during division. If there is such a family history, it is necessary to undergo regular tumor screening and try to avoid external factors that trigger related risks.

2. Environmental factors

Long-term exposure to harmful environments is one of the important causes of laryngeal cancer. For example, long-term inhalation of dust, harmful chemical gases, or exposure to working environments containing carcinogens (such as construction, rubber manufacturing, etc.) will significantly increase the risk. People in high-risk occupations are advised to strengthen occupational protection, such as wearing appropriate protective masks, taking regular breaks, and taking regular physical examinations to monitor their health.

3. Unhealthy lifestyle habits

Smoking and alcohol abuse are important causes of laryngeal cancer. Smoking directly irritates the throat mucosa, causing long-term inflammation and genetic damage, and the toxicity of alcohol exacerbates this process, especially when the two act together. A diet lacking in antioxidant-rich foods such as fruits and vegetables may also make cells more susceptible to free radical damage. To prevent laryngeal cancer, you should quit smoking and drinking as soon as possible, maintain a balanced diet, and consume more foods rich in vitamins A, C, and E, such as carrots, tomatoes, and citrus fruits.

4. Chronic throat diseases

Chronic inflammation or infection of the pharynx or throat (such as chronic pharyngitis or human papillomavirus (HPV) infection) may cause abnormal proliferation of local cells and increase the risk of cancer. For long-standing throat discomfort symptoms, you should go to the hospital for a detailed examination in time to identify the cause and receive active treatment to avoid a minor illness from becoming a major one. For example, the HPV vaccine can effectively prevent some virus-related throat cancers.

5. Pathological changes

Early throat cancer often develops from mild inflammation of the mucosa into precancerous lesions. When symptoms such as hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and persistent sore throat occur, you should be alert and seek medical attention as soon as possible. For example, laryngoscopy and biopsy can be used to detect the lesion area, so that early intervention can be implemented, including laser resection, minimally invasive surgery, or personalized treatment plans such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

The main causes of throat cancer are complex and varied, but most of them are related to the environment and lifestyle. Regular screening and adopting a healthy lifestyle, such as quitting smoking and drinking, eating a balanced diet, and paying attention to environmental protection, can significantly reduce the risk of disease. If symptoms persist, be sure to seek medical attention in time for a clear diagnosis and early detection and treatment.