The three simplest tests for bladder cancer

Bladder cancer can usually be initially detected through urine tests, cystoscopy and imaging examinations. Early identification helps improve treatment effectiveness. It is recommended that people with symptoms or high-risk groups seek medical screening in a timely manner.

1) Urine test

Urine testing is a common and easy way to screen for bladder cancer. Abnormalities can be detected by analyzing red blood cells, cancer cells, and tumor markers (such as NMP22 and BTA) in the urine. For example, urinalysis can indicate occult blood, while oncology can detect cancer cells in the urine. This method is non-invasive, but the sensitivity may be low, so it is often used in combination with other tests. When abnormal urine is found, further more accurate tests should be performed.

2) Cystoscopy

Cystoscopy is the core method for diagnosing bladder cancer. It can directly observe the internal structure and pathological conditions of the bladder. The doctor inserts a thin cystoscope to check whether there are tumors or abnormal changes in the bladder wall. If further confirmation is needed, a tissue sample can be taken for biopsy. Although this method is highly accurate, it may cause slight discomfort. Especially for the elderly and frail or those with severe urinary tract infections, they should consult a doctor whether it is suitable.

3) Imaging examination

Imaging examinations include ultrasound, CT, and MRI, which help detect tumors and external invasion of the bladder wall through imaging technology. Ultrasound is suitable for non-invasive initial screening, CT helps to evaluate the stage or metastasis of tumors, and MRI is important for the staging and treatment of bladder cancer. The specific choice of imaging examination needs to be based on the doctor's advice and be carried out within the economic and medical resource conditions.

Early detection of bladder cancer is crucial for treatment. The three tests have different characteristics and can be used alone or in combination. If you have symptoms such as hematuria or urinary difficulties or belong to a high-risk group (such as long-term smoking), you should be checked in time and take further action according to the doctor's advice.