Cardiac lymph nodes

Cardiac inflammation is a common disease in our lives. After suffering from this disease, we are often prone to non-reflux, and gastrointestinal function will be seriously affected. Many patients will even have a poor appetite. The cardia lymph nodes may swell due to toxins and inflammation in the body. So what should we do if the cardia lymph nodes are swollen?

Among the deep lymph nodes on the lateral side of the neck, those located near the subclavian artery and brachial plexus are called supraclavicular lymph nodes. In the late stages of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer, cancer cells can ascend through the thoracic duct and then flow back through the left cervical trunk to the left supraclavicular lymph nodes.

Chest tumors such as lung cancer can metastasize to the right supraclavicular lymph nodes, and gastric cancer can metastasize to the left supraclavicular lymph node group. This is the entrance of the thoracic duct into the jugular vein. This enlarged lymph node is called Virchow's lymph node, which is often a sign of metastasis of gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, and lung cancer, and may have no symptoms.

Chronic lymphadenitis:

Chronic lymphadenitis has a long course, mild symptoms, hard and movable lymph nodes, and no obvious tenderness. Eventually the lymph nodes may shrink or disappear. Inguinal lymphadenopathy, especially long-standing, unchanged, flat lymphadenopathy, is usually of no significance.

Tuberculous lymphadenitis is characterized by fever, sweating, fatigue, and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and is more common in young and middle-aged people. It is often accompanied by pulmonary tuberculosis. The texture of the lymph nodes is uneven, some parts are lighter (caseous change), some parts are harder (fibrosis or calcification), and they are adhered to each other and the skin, so their mobility is poor.

Malignant lymphoma:

It can be seen in any age group. The lymph nodes are usually painless and progressively enlarged. They can range in size from soybeans to dates and are of medium hardness. Generally, there is no adhesion to the skin, and they do not fuse with each other in the early and middle stages, so they are movable. In the later stages, the lymph nodes may grow very large or fuse into large masses with a diameter of more than 20 cm, invading the skin and taking a long time to heal after rupturing. In addition, it can invade the mediastinum, liver, spleen and other organs, including the lungs, digestive tract, bones, skin, breast, nervous system, etc. Diagnosis requires biopsy. Clinically, malignant lymphoma is often misdiagnosed. Among patients with superficial lymphadenopathy as the first symptom, 70% to 80% are diagnosed as lymphadenitis or lymphadenopathy tuberculosis at the initial visit, resulting in delayed treatment.

Giant lymphadenopathy:

It is a rare disease that is easily misdiagnosed. It often manifests as unexplained lymphadenopathy, which mainly invades the chest cavity, most commonly the mediastinum, but can also invade the hilum and lungs. Other sites of involvement include the neck, retroperitoneum, pelvis, axilla, and soft tissue. It is often misdiagnosed as thymoma, plasmacytoma, malignant lymphoma, etc. Therefore, understanding the pathology and clinical manifestations of this disease is extremely important for early diagnosis.

Pseudolymphoma often occurs in areas outside the lymph nodes, such as pseudolymphoma of the eye sockets and stomach and lymphoid polyps of the digestive tract, all of which can form lumps. It is generally considered to be a reactive hyperplasia caused by inflammation.

Lymph node metastases:

The lymph nodes are often hard and uneven in texture, and the primary lesion can be found. It is rarely systemic lymphadenopathy. Acute leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia also often have swollen lymph nodes, especially acute lymphocytic leukemia, which is common in children. Clinically, the disease develops rapidly and is often accompanied by fever, bleeding, enlarged liver and spleen, sternal tenderness, etc. Hematological and bone marrow puncture examinations can confirm the diagnosis and differentiation.