What are the early symptoms of prostate cancer?

The incidence of prostate cancer is extremely high in Europe and America, while it is relatively low in Asians. However, the incidence in my country has been increasing in recent years, which should be taken seriously by everyone. Prostate cancer patients are mainly elderly men. Heredity is an important risk factor for the development of prostate cancer into clinical type, and exogenous factors may have an important impact on this risk factor, such as changes in lifestyle, sunlight exposure, long-term exposure to chemicals such as cadmium, high-calorie animal fats and vitamins A and D in the diet, and alcoholism.

Early prostate cancer usually has no symptoms, but when the tumor invades or blocks the urethra or bladder neck, symptoms similar to lower urinary tract obstruction or irritation may occur. In severe cases, acute urinary retention, hematuria, and urinary incontinence may occur. Prostate cancer generally develops slowly, and rectal examination combined with serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is currently recognized as the best initial screening method for early detection of prostate cancer.

In addition, if B-ultrasound finds prostate hypoechoic nodules or MRI finds abnormal signals, prostate cancer should also be suspected. When prostate cancer is suspected, prostate puncture should be performed immediately to confirm the diagnosis of prostate cancer through pathological results. Distant metastasis of prostate cancer is mostly bone metastasis or lung metastasis. Most prostate cancers are hormone-dependent, and their occurrence and development are closely related to the regulation of androgens. Non-hormone-dependent prostate cancer accounts for only a minority.

Radical prostatectomy can be considered for early-stage prostate cancer. Endocrine therapy should be the main treatment for late-stage prostate cancer. Overall, the current treatment effect of prostate cancer is relatively satisfactory.

In particular, endocrine therapy has a therapeutic effect not only on the primary lesion, but also on metastatic lesions (such as bone metastasis or lung metastasis). Prostate cancer is always a bit scary, and people always want to know how to prevent the disease.

At present, some studies have shown that reducing the intake of animal fat, increasing the intake of foods rich in fiber such as fruits, grains, and vegetables, increasing the intake of beans and vitamin E, green tea, red wine, and even estrogen intake may have an anti-cancer effect and reduce the risk of the disease. For men over 50 years old, the incidence rate increases with age. Therefore, physical examinations for men in this age group should be strengthened, and examinations such as rectal digital examination, PSA and prostate B-ultrasound should be performed to achieve the purpose of early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment.