What are the items for checking cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is a deadly killer that endangers women's health. Although the incidence rate has been controlled to a certain extent in recent years, it still makes people terrified. This disease is one of the common gynecological malignant tumors. If it is not actively examined and treated, the consequences will be disastrous. So, what are the items for checking cervical cancer? The following article will give you a detailed introduction.

1. Cervical scraping cytology examination: Cervical epithelial cells are obtained through scraping, and the samples should be collected in the cervical transformation zone. According to the abnormalities of nuclear morphology and structure and changes in cytoplasm, clinical pathological diagnosis can be made, which is an important method for early screening and diagnosis of cervical cancer.

2. Cervical iodine test: The squamous epithelium of the normal cervical vagina is rich in glycogen, and it will appear brown or dark brown after being stained with iodine solution. The unstained area indicates that the epithelium lacks glycogen and may have lesions. Taking biopsy samples from the unstained area can improve the diagnosis rate.

3. Colposcopy: If the cervical smear cytology examination shows Pap smear grade III or above, or TBS classification is squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical biopsy should be performed on the suspected cancerous area under colposcopy.

4. Biopsy of cervix and endocervical canal: It is a reliable basis for diagnosing cervical cancer and cervical precancerous lesions. The tissues taken should include stroma and adjacent normal tissues. If the cervical scraping is positive, but the cervix is ​​smooth or the cervical biopsy is negative, a small scraper should be used to scrape the endocervical canal, and the scraped material should be sent for pathological examination.

5. Cervical conization: It is suitable for patients with multiple positive cervical smear tests and negative cervical biopsy, or patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in cervical biopsy who need to exclude invasive cancer. Cold knife excision, loop electrosurgical excision or cryoelectric excision can be used.

6. Confirmed by pathological examination: When the doctor suspects that there is a lesion in the cervix and the cytological examination is abnormal, he needs to take a bite biopsy of the cervical lesion with biopsy forceps under direct vision or under a colposcope. One or more points of tissue can be taken for pathological examination. Pathological histological diagnosis is the standard for confirming cervical cancer.

In recent decades, with the widespread application of cervical cytology screening, cervical cancer and precancerous lesions can be detected and treated early, and the incidence and mortality of the disease have also dropped significantly. In fact, the disease can be well prevented by carrying out cervical cancer screening, early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment, popularizing cancer prevention knowledge, carrying out sexual health education, and advocating late marriage and fewer children.