How much do you know about the nursing points for rectal cancer

Rectal cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. Nowadays, with the changes in our living and eating habits, the incidence of rectal cancer is also showing a straight upward trend. The clinical care of this disease has high requirements, because standardized and high-quality care can help treatment and improve the quality of life of patients. Let's take a look at the key points of rectal cancer care.

1. Psychological care: Rectal cancer patients often experience negative emotions such as anxiety, fear, and tension. Nurses should discover and solve problems in a timely manner, explain patiently, provide enthusiastic service, and provide psychological counseling. At the same time, they should do a good job of education so that patients can actively cooperate with treatment.

2. Nutritional support care: Give a high-protein, high-calorie, high-vitamin, and easily digestible low-residue diet before surgery. If necessary, give intravenous nutrient solution according to the doctor's instructions. After non-ostomy patients have anal gas discharge and the gastric tube is removed, they can drink a little warm water and gradually transition to a liquid diet, a low-residue semi-liquid diet, or a low-residue normal diet. Pay attention to supplementing high-protein, high-calorie, low-fat, and vitamin-rich foods.

Postoperative stoma patients should eat easily digestible food and adjust their dietary structure. They should focus on high-calorie, high-protein, low-fat, vitamin-rich and low-residue food. They should eat less garlic, onion, sweet potato, beans and other foods that may produce irritating odor or bloating, and avoid eating foods that may cause constipation.

3. Intestinal preparation and care: 2 days before the operation, the patient should be given a residue-free enteral nutrition preparation as prescribed by the doctor, and eat small and frequent meals. 1 day before the operation, the enteral nutrition preparation should be discontinued as prescribed by the doctor, and intravenous nutrition support should be given. 2 days before the operation, the patient should be given a laxative to clean the intestines as prescribed by the doctor, and the patient should be observed for any discomfort. Clear watery stools are the best condition for intestinal cleanliness. No water or food should be consumed after 12:00 pm before the operation.

4. Pain care: Laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer will produce varying degrees of pain. Before surgery, the patient should be informed of the possible pain after surgery so that the patient can be mentally prepared. After surgery, the patient should be given psychological care to distract his attention, such as reading books or watching movies, listening to music, etc.

5. Observation of the condition: After surgery, the patient's blood pressure, respiration, pulse, body temperature and consciousness should be closely monitored. At the same time, the changes in urine volume should be observed. The airway should be kept open and continuous medium-flow oxygen should be given to increase the blood oxygen content. If any abnormality is found, report it to the doctor in time.

Patients should keep a good mood, avoid the stimulation of negative mental factors, change bad diet structure and eating habits, and eat a reasonable diet. Develop the habit of regular bowel movements, actively treat chronic intestinal diseases, and avoid heavy physical labor for 1 to 3 months after surgery. Teach patients how to use ostomy bags, regularly check the cleanliness of the stoma, replace ostomy bags in time, insist on chemotherapy after surgery, and have regular outpatient reviews.