What are the obvious symptoms of teratoma

Ovarian teratoma is generally not easy to find by oneself, and is usually discovered during a certain examination. The clinical symptoms are non-specific, and the main manifestation is a pelvic mass. What are the obvious symptoms of ovarian teratoma? The following is an introduction given by experts. Let us learn about it.

The location of ovarian teratoma varies, and there are often multiple complications and obvious malignant tendencies. The clinical symptoms are as follows.

1. Benign teratoma: Most of them are cystic, so they are also called cystic teratoma, or dermoid cyst, which is more common in the ovary. Most of the tumors are unilocular, with a granular inner wall, rough and uneven, and often with nodular protrusions. Sometimes small pieces of bone, cartilage, etc. can be seen, and there are sebum, hair, and even teeth in the cyst cavity. Under the microscope, in addition to skin tissue and skin appendages, glands covered with cubic epithelium, tracheal or intestinal mucosa, bones, cartilage, brain, smooth muscle, thyroid and other tissues can also be seen. Various tissues are basically differentiated and mature, so it is called mature teratoma. Benign teratoma has a good prognosis, and a few malignant ones will turn into squamous cell carcinoma.

2. Malignant teratoma: Most of them are solid and more common in the testicles than in the ovaries. They are mainly composed of immature embryonic tissues, often with poorly differentiated neuroectoderm components, so they are also called immature teratoma. This tumor often metastasizes, and can metastasize to the pelvic cavity and distant organs.

3. Possible symptoms of compression and cavity obstruction: Mediastinal teratomas can often compress the respiratory tract and cause choking, dyspnea, and distended neck veins; retroperitoneal teratomas often cause abdominal pain and can cause intestinal obstruction. Pelvic and sacrococcygeal occult teratomas are often diagnosed due to constipation, difficulty in defecation, and urinary retention.

4. Painless mass: This is the most common symptom of teratoma. It is usually round and cystic, with clear and immovable borders, uneven hardness and softness, and even palpable bone nodules. Exophytic tumors are common in the midline areas such as the sacrococcygeal, occipital, forehead, and nose. Sacrococcygeal teratomas can be divided into three useful clinical types according to their location: overt, latent, and mixed.

5. Introduction to acute symptoms of abnormal changes in tumors: Ovarian and testicular teratomas may cause ovarian or testicular torsion and necrosis, manifested by severe pain and corresponding local symptoms; when secondary infection and intracystic bleeding occur in teratomas, the tumors may often increase in size rapidly, with obvious local tenderness, and accompanied by systemic infection or blood loss symptoms such as fever, anemia, and shock; tumors in the retroperitoneum, ovaries, pelvis, sacrum, etc. may also rupture suddenly, resulting in severe manifestations such as massive bleeding, hemoperitoneum, and shock.

6. Significant symptoms of tumor malignancy: When malignant teratomas and benign teratomas become malignant, they often show rapid tumor growth, loss of original elasticity, and exophytic tumors with superficial venous distension and congestion, local skin infiltration and increased skin temperature. The fetus can be metastatic through the lymph and blood, with symptoms of lymph node enlargement and lung and bone metastasis, and systemic symptoms such as weight loss, anemia, and tumor fever.