What tests should be done for teratoma

Teratoma is an uncommon disease, and it often occurs in human nerves, which seriously affects people's health. Therefore, it is extremely important to do a correct examination when teratoma occurs. Let's see what examinations should be done for teratoma.

What tests should be done for teratoma?

(1) Lumbar puncture pressure measurement shows varying degrees of increased pressure in the vast majority of patients, and the cerebrospinal fluid protein content is generally not high.

(2) Most cranial X-rays show signs of increased intracranial pressure. If teeth, small bone fragments, or calcifications are found, this will be more helpful for qualitative diagnosis.

(3) CT scan CT scan shows irregular tumors, nodules, obvious lobes and uneven density. They usually have solid components (high density), cysts (low density) and calcification and ossification. Multicysts are more common. Fat components can be seen in all patients, and intratumoral bleeding is rare. In a few cases, oily fluid in the ventricles can be seen to flow with changes in body position (caused by rupture of teratomas into the ventricles). It is difficult to distinguish between teratomas and malignant teratomas on plain CT scans, but the latter has relatively less cystic components, calcification and fat, and more solid parts. Benign teratomas have often grown for many years and are usually larger when discovered. Those in the pineal region almost all have varying degrees of supratentorial ventricular enlargement. After injection, the solid part is significantly enhanced, the density is extremely uneven, and the cyst wall enhancement may present multiple ring-shaped shadows.

(4) The signals of T1 and T2 images in MRI examination are extremely mixed, but the boundaries are clear, nodular or lobed. There is no edema at the border of benign teratoma (T2 image shows clear high signal). If there is peripheral edema, it indicates that the tumor is a malignant component or a malignant teratoma. The tumor wall and solid part are significantly enhanced after injection.

(5) The tumor marker CEA may be slightly or moderately elevated. AFP is significantly elevated in patients with immature teratomas and mixed GCT containing this component.

Everyone must understand what examinations should be done for teratoma. If a teratoma occurs, it is necessary to get a good examination to avoid incorrect examination of teratoma, which may lead to serious consequences and further harm the body of the teratoma patient. It is crucial to seize the time to cure it.