The most effective way to prevent melanoma

Malignant melanoma is common in white people. Queen S-Land in Australia is a well-known high-incidence area of ​​malignant melanoma in the world. The incidence of malignant melanoma in my country is not high, but due to the lack of awareness of its severity by doctors and patients, it is often too late when seeking medical treatment, and the treatment effect is extremely unsatisfactory. This disease is common in people aged 30-60 years old. Spity, a rare juvenile malignant melanoma, reported 13 cases, aged 1.5-12 years old. Younger people generally have a lower degree of malignancy and have a better prognosis after surgical resection. There is almost no difference in the onset of gender, but the location of the lesion is related to gender. Those who occur on the trunk are more common in men, and those who occur on the limbs are more common in women than men. Freckle-type melanoma on the face is especially common in elderly women. So, how can we prevent melanoma in daily life?

1. For pigmented nevi occurring in areas prone to friction, a biopsy should be performed for pathological examination.

If a child has a large hairy nevus on the waist, it is often rubbed and squeezed by the belt, so it should be completely removed as soon as possible. If it is difficult to remove all of it at once, the main part of the large hairy nevus can be removed as much as possible in the middle before it becomes malignant, and the two sides can be sutured. After the surrounding skin is loosened, the remaining part can be removed until the nevus is completely removed to prevent malignant transformation. Each specimen removed must be sent for pathological examination. If there is malignant transformation, it should be completely removed and skin grafting should be performed.

2. It is not advisable to use corrosive drugs or complete freezing methods to irritate moles.

If the mole cannot be removed in one freezing operation and needs to be removed repeatedly, it is dangerous because moles often become malignant due to traumatic stimulation. According to reports, some people have become malignant due to incomplete freezing. About 30%-50% of malignant melanomas are related to external stimulation. If it is necessary for cosmetic purposes, it is safer and more reliable to remove the mole at one time. Cryotherapy combined with excision should be completed in one time, and it is forbidden to remove it in multiple times. The excised specimen should be sent for pathological examination.

3. Receive information about the malignant transformation of moles:

1. The mole increases in size and the pigment becomes darker or lighter.

2. The mole expands radially to the surrounding area.

3. The mole causes pain or discomfort for no reason, and there is a small amount of exudate on the surface.

4. The lymph nodes in the mole area are swollen and faintly blue-black in color.

5. The patient has blue-black urine.

4. Pay attention to your daily diet

1. Eat less fat. Although fat is the main source of calories for the human body, it should not be consumed in excess. Long-term high-fat diet can easily lead to melanoma, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer. In addition, cancer patients often experience nausea, vomiting, aversion to greasy food, and poor digestion during treatment or disease progression, so they should adopt a low-fat diet.

2. Protein intake should not be excessive, but a diversified diet is recommended. Cancer patients often experience digestive tract reactions during radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which weakens digestive function, or tumors increase body consumption, causing malnutrition or even cachexia. Many people blindly adopt a high-protein diet. However, they do not know that a high-protein diet will increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract, weaken the gastrointestinal digestion and absorption function, and is not conducive to the treatment of tumors. Many experiments have shown that a high-protein diet is positively correlated with the incidence of ovarian cancer and prostate cancer.

3. Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables. Fresh fruits and vegetables contain a lot of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, etc. Studies in recent years have found that they have antioxidant effects, can remove free radicals, block the synthesis of carcinogenic nitrosamines, inhibit the degeneration of squamous epithelial cells and the occurrence of cancer cells, and also have the effects of enhancing the body's immune function and promoting ulcer healing. When eating green leafy vegetables, eat them as soon as you buy them, and don't leave them for too long, preferably overnight, to avoid the loss of vitamins and other nutrients caused by storage.

4. Scientific cooking and attention to protecting food nutrients. my country has been very particular about food cooking and processing since ancient times. For the diet conditioning of cancer patients, it should be noted that different cooking methods, heating temperatures and holding times have a direct impact on the nutritional value of food. Generally speaking, grain foods such as rice and beans and nuts such as lotus seeds, coix seeds, and walnuts can withstand long-term heating processes such as boiling and stewing, and can promote the dissolution of their effective ingredients in the soup; meat foods with nourishing effects should also be boiled for a long time; vegetable foods that need to be cooked should be heated as short as possible to achieve the purpose of frying and ensure that vitamins and other nutrients are not destroyed; some vegetables rich in vitamins and other nutrients can be eaten raw, and patients can be advised to use cold salad and other methods to process and eat them, so as to protect the nutritional components of food.

5. Avoid alcohol and tobacco. Alcohol, nicotine, tar, etc. are related to the incidence of certain cancers. A survey by the Boston Drug Supervision Department in the United States showed that alcohol is related to the occurrence of breast cancer, colon cancer, thyroid tumors and malignant melanoma. Some people report that drinking alcohol in women can increase breast cancer by 20% to 60% and thyroid tumors by 20% to 70%. Alcohol can stimulate the secretion of pituitary hormones, accelerate cell division, and increase the susceptibility of malignant tumors; it can reduce the body's immunity, which is not good for cancer patients and aggravates the condition. For patients who are undergoing treatment, especially chemotherapy, drinking alcohol can easily damage liver function, thereby aggravating the damage of chemotherapy drugs to the liver. Smoking coal can cause a variety of cancers. Smoking is most likely to cause lung cancer. It can also cause or induce laryngeal cancer, tongue cancer, lip cancer, oral cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, bladder cancer, uterine cancer and leukemia. Tobacco and other smoke contain radioactive isotopes such as nicotine, 3,4-benzopyrene, nitrosamines, polonium, metal cadmium and 7,12-dimethylcholanthrene, and other carcinogens. There are also peroxides, benzene and its derivatives phenol, alcohol and other substances that promote cancer. These substances are the root cause of cancer and can also aggravate the development of malignant tumors such as lung cancer and affect the effect of chemotherapy. Therefore, quitting the habit of smoking and drinking in time is beneficial to the treatment and recovery of cancer patients.

6. Drink tea in moderation. Tests have shown that some ingredients in tea have anti-cancer effects and can inhibit cancer cells in the diseased body. Drinking tea can counteract the harm of smoking; tea can also be a diuretic, which is beneficial for eliminating edema; it can also reduce the effects of radiation.

It can prevent radiation damage from the sun and has an anti-radiation effect. Therefore, it is beneficial and harmless for cancer patients to drink tea appropriately. However, tea contains a lot of tannic acid, and its astringent effect hinders the absorption of vitamins. For cancer patients with qi deficiency and blood deficiency, it is not advisable to drink too much tea or strong tea. Do not drink tea while taking Chinese medicine, so as not to affect the absorption of Chinese medicine. You can drink it at different times.

7. Dietary taboos should be based on syndrome differentiation. There is a saying that patients should avoid certain foods. Tumors are a very complex disease, and their dietary taboos vary from person to person and from disease to disease. If the patient has a fever, flushed face, dry mouth and tongue, constipation, red and yellow urine, red or crimson tongue, yellow or dry fur, and is a manifestation of excessive heat and toxicity, it is not suitable to eat hot foods, such as fried foods, ginger, onions, pepper, aniseed, lychee, orange, longan, etc. If the patient has a dry cough with little sputum, dry mouth and tongue, red tongue with little fur, and symptoms of yin deficiency and internal heat, spicy and dry foods should also be avoided. If the spleen and kidney yang are deficient, the spirit is tired and weak, the limbs are not warm, the cold is afraid of cold, and the stool is loose, raw and cold sticky and smooth foods should be avoided, such as raw and cold fruits, glutinous rice, bananas, etc. Patients with jaundice should avoid greasy foods and eat less meat. Patients with edema should avoid eating foods that are too salty and high in salt. People with bloating should eat less sweets and foods that easily produce gas, such as sweet potatoes, corn, beans, cucumbers, radishes, pickles, milk, etc. Patients with oral, tongue, laryngeal cancer and digestive tract tumors should not eat fatty, greasy, hard and difficult to digest foods.

8. Develop good eating habits. Eating habits are closely related to tumor recovery. Cancer patients should develop good eating habits and usually pay attention to the following matters:

(1) Eat at regular times, in fixed amounts, and eat small but frequent meals. Plan your intake of sufficient calories and nutrition. Eating small but frequent meals is more suitable for patients with digestive tract cancer.

(2) Eat more foods rich in vitamin A and vitamin C, and eat more green vegetables and fruits.

(3) Eat foods that contain anti-carcinogenic effects regularly, such as kohlrabi, cabbage, shepherd’s purse, etc.

(4) Do not eat salted or smoked foods, especially burnt or charred foods.

(5) Adhere to a low-fat diet and eat lean meat, eggs and yogurt regularly.

(6) Food should be kept fresh as much as possible and moldy or spoiled food should not be eaten.

(7) Do not overeat and do not consume too much cold drinks or cold foods.

(8) To maintain smooth bowel movements, patients with constipation should eat foods rich in fiber and drink some honey every day.

(9) Eat less refined rice and refined noodles, and eat more refined rice, whole-wheat flakes, whole grains, cornmeal, yellow rice, and beans (soybeans, lentils, beans, peas), etc.

(10) Eat nutritious dried fruit and seed foods, such as sunflower seeds, sesame seeds, pumpkin seeds, peanuts, raisins, etc. These foods contain a variety of vitamins, minerals, fiber, protein, and unsaturated fatty acids.