What are the surgical methods for prostate cancer patients

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the male genitourinary system. After diagnosis, surgical treatment is currently the preferred method for treating prostate cancer. So, what are the surgical methods for prostate cancer patients?

1. Radical prostatectomy. For some patients, radical surgery means the cure of prostate cancer, but few patients are suitable for radical prostatectomy, and patients often miss the best time for surgery when they are diagnosed. There are two surgical approaches: perineal prostatectomy and retropubic prostatectomy.

2. Extended radical prostatectomy: Extensive removal of local tumors, including the bladder base, residual parts of the seminal vesicles and vas deferens, the posterior bladder fascia, and the urogenital diaphragm.

3. Cystoprostatectomy and pelvic clearance. This refers to extended cystoprostatectomy with radical urinary diversion and radical resection of pelvic organs. This operation is highly destructive, with high surgical complications and mortality, and is only used for strictly selected young patients.

4. Orchiectomy. 95% of male androgens come from the testicles, and most prostate cancers depend on estrogen for growth. By removing the testicles, the production of estrogen can be inhibited and the condition can be alleviated. However, orchiectomy can cause secondary adrenal cortical zona reticularis hyperplasia, resulting in hypersecretion of adrenal androgens.