What are the methods of endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancer?

Early gastric cancer can be treated with gastroscopy. An endoscope is a tube with a light and imaging function on the head. The surgical operation is performed by passing the tube from the mouth into the stomach.

Endoscopic mucosal resection: Commonly used endoscopic treatment methods include endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and diseased tissue destruction. Endoscopic mucosal resection was first used in Japan as early as 1987, and has developed rapidly in recent years. Several surgical methods have been derived, such as endoscopic double-loop polypectomy, endoscopic resection with the help of double endoscopes, deep biopsy, endoscopic mucosal resection with suction cap, and endoscopic mucosal resection with ligation device. In addition, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) improved on the basis of EMR has gradually matured and is more used in clinical practice.

Endoscopic laser therapy: The principle of laser therapy is to cause tissue edema and vasodilation through laser irradiation, which then causes coagulation, collagen fiber contraction, and tissue shrinkage, thereby causing the surface of gastric cancer tissue to carbonize, evaporate, and gasify and be removed.

Endoscopic microwave therapy: Endoscopic microwave therapy is to insert the microwave treatment head through the channel of the endoscopic biopsy forceps to contact the lesion and perform multiple cauterizations to vaporize the lesion or solidify it into a white solid.

Endoscopic drug therapy: Endoscopic drug therapy is the process of injecting some tumor treatment drugs into the local area of ​​the lesion through an endoscope, thereby achieving local treatment.