Typical manifestations of Hodgkin's lymphoma

Hodgkin's lymphoma is more common in young people and less common in children. The first symptom is often painless progressive enlargement of the cervical or supraclavicular lymph nodes, followed by enlargement of the axillary lymph nodes. The enlarged lymph nodes can be movable or adhere to each other and fuse into lumps. They feel cartilage-like when palpated. When the lymph nodes grow rapidly, there is local pain. A small number of patients only show deep lymph node enlargement and lymph node pain caused by drinking. This is a symptom unique to Hodgkin's lymphoma, but not every Hodgkin's lymphoma patient will experience this symptom.

Enlarged lymph nodes can compress adjacent organs, such as nerve compression, which can cause pain; enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes can cause cough, chest tightness, shortness of breath, atelectasis and superior vena cava syndrome; enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes can compress the ureter and cause hydronephrosis; epidural masses can lead to spinal cord compression, etc.

Hodgkin's lymphoma invades various organs and can cause lung parenchymal infiltration, pleural effusion, bone pain, lumbar or thoracic vertebrae destruction, spinal cord compression, hepatomegaly, liver pain, jaundice, splenomegaly, etc.

5% to 16% of Hodgkin's lymphoma patients will develop herpes zoster; 30% to 40% of patients have persistent fever of unknown cause as the onset symptom, which is more common in male patients; young female patients may have local or systemic itching; most patients have systemic symptoms such as night sweats, fatigue, and weight loss.