Two main causes of esophageal cancer

Esophageal cancer is generally a malignant tumor, and the treatment of esophageal cancer is not a simple matter. Therefore, it is very important to do a good job in preventing esophageal cancer. So, what are the causes of esophageal cancer? Next, let the experts introduce to you the causes of esophageal cancer.

1. Genetic factors of esophageal cancer

Linzhou (formerly known as Lin County) is one of the high-incidence areas of esophageal cancer in my country and also the area with the highest incidence of esophageal cancer in the world. Since 1959, a large number of oncology medical experts have carried out a number of research projects in Linzhou mainly focusing on the prevention of esophageal cancer, and found that esophageal cancer in Linzhou has a family clustering phenomenon and a dominant inheritance tendency from generation to generation. After years of research, it was found that there is an autosomal recessive gene with a population frequency of about 19% in Linzhou, and about 4% of the population is prone to esophageal cancer under the influence of environmental factors. Known genes related to esophageal cancer include mitochondrial genes, mismatch repair genes hMLH1 and hMSH, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD106), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), and deletions of chromosome 13q33-q34. The occurrence and development of esophageal cancer is likely to be related to the mutation of these genes and proteins.

2. Viral Inflammation

Experimental studies have shown that a virus called human papillomavirus is likely to be one of the causes of esophageal cancer. Among them, HPV16 is related to the occurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, while HPV18 is related to esophageal adenocarcinoma. About half of esophageal cancer patients in my country have the gene of this virus. Patients with chronic reflux esophagitis, especially Barrett's esophagus, have esophageal squamous epithelial cells replaced by columnar epithelial cells due to the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. Under the long-term stimulation of the reflux, it is easy to develop esophageal cancer. This is one of the causes of esophageal cancer.

The above is the introduction to the causes of esophageal cancer. It is for your reference only. I believe that everyone has already understood the causes of esophageal cancer. I hope these contents can help you. In addition, if you have any questions about the causes of esophageal cancer, please consult online experts!