Genetic diseases that are passed down to males but not females

In genetics, there are many diseases that are hereditary to a certain extent, but genetic diseases are also specific, and some are even genetic diseases that are passed down to males but not females. Genetic diseases are often something that parents are unaware of. If you know that you have certain genetic diseases, it is best for both husband and wife to consult a professional doctor. At this time, it is very important to determine whether the baby is a boy or a girl.

1. Baldness

Baldness in middle age is something men cannot do anything about. At present, studies have shown that hair loss is also related to genetic genes, and the genes for baldness are largely from the mother, while the mother's mutated chromosomes are inherited from the grandfather. According to the theory of sex-linked inheritance, if the father is bald, there is a 50% chance that the son will inherit the disease.

2. Hemophilia

Hemophilia refers to a condition in which the blood cannot coagulate due to a lack of the coagulation component Factor VII in the human body. Such patients will bleed continuously with just the slightest injury, and may even have subcutaneous and intra-articular bleeding in the absence of external injuries on the body. It is a typical linked recessive inheritance, the disease-causing gene is located on the X chromosome, and the mother usually carries the disease-causing gene and passes it on to her son.

3. Duchenne muscular dystrophy

This is a disease caused by a gene defect. Because the disease-causing gene DMD is located on the X chromosome, it only occurs in males, and females are carriers of the disease-causing gene. When this disease occurs, the thigh muscles will atrophy, the calves will become thick but weak, the walking posture will be like a duck, and after a few years, the person will gradually become paralyzed. The disease usually occurs around the age of 4 and no later than 7 years old, and death occurs due to muscle weakness and respiratory failure at around the age of 20.

4. Favism

Favism is related to eating broad beans. It is an acute hemolytic anemia caused by eating broad beans and is more common in children under 9 years old. The most common inheritance situation of favism is that both husband and wife are healthy, but the mother carries a mutated chromosome, so the boy born to the two has a 50% chance of getting the disease, while girls are normal but have a 50% chance of becoming carriers of the disease.

5. Red and green color blindness

Color blindness is a genetic disease that is passed down from father to son and not from father to daughter. The most common color blindness is red and green. The color blindness gene in humans is only present on the X chromosome, not on the Y chromosome. Unlike other diseases, the color blindness gene from the father is passed on to the daughter, and then from the daughter to the grandson. That is to say, when the father is red-green color blind, the daughter will mostly inherit the disease; when the mother is a patient, the disease-causing gene is mostly inherited by the son.