What diseases can easily be confused with colon cancer?

Colon cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract that occurs in the colon of patients. The cure rate of colon cancer has always attracted wide attention. It has also been threatening people's health. Patients with colon cancer should be discovered and diagnosed as early as possible. So, what diseases are easily confused with colon cancer? Let's take a look.

1. Idiopathic ulcerative colitis accounts for 15% of misdiagnosed cases. When colon cancer, especially left-sided papillary carcinoma or cauliflower carcinoma, develops to a certain extent, symptoms such as diarrhea, mucus in stool, bloody stool, increased frequency of bowel movements, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, weight loss, anemia, etc. may occur. Infected patients may also have symptoms of poisoning such as fever, which are similar to the symptoms of idiopathic ulcerative colitis. X-ray examinations also show similarities between the two. Therefore, it is easy to cause misdiagnosis in clinical practice, especially for young patients, who are less likely to think of the existence of tumors.

2. Appendicitis accounts for about 10% of misdiagnosed cases. Ileocecal cancer is often diagnosed as appendicitis due to local pain and tenderness. Especially in the late stage of ileocecal cancer, local necrosis, ulceration and infection often occur. Clinical manifestations include fever, increased white blood cell count, local tenderness or palpable mass. It is often diagnosed as appendiceal abscess and conservative treatment is adopted. After a period of treatment, the mass does not shrink, or even increases, and then a tumor is considered. Generally, appendiceal abscess has an acute onset process and inflammatory manifestations after careful inquiry of the medical history, and can often improve significantly after short-term treatment and observation. If cancer and appendicitis coexist or appendicitis is caused by cancer-induced obstruction of the appendix, although the treatment has improved, it will not be complete. If the condition continues to worsen after stopping the medication, further examination and diagnosis are required. When there is a high suspicion, surgical exploration should be performed in time.

3. Intestinal tuberculosis Intestinal tuberculosis is relatively common in China, and its most common sites are the terminal ileum, cecum and ascending colon. The most common clinical symptoms are abdominal pain, abdominal mass, diarrhea, and constipation that appear alternately, which are also more common in patients with colon cancer. In particular, proliferative intestinal tuberculosis has many similarities with colon cancer, such as low fever, anemia, weight loss, fatigue, and local lumps that can be palpated. However, the systemic symptoms of intestinal tuberculosis are more obvious, manifested as low fever or irregular fever in the afternoon, night sweats, weight loss and fatigue. Therefore, when these symptoms appear clinically, especially when diarrhea is the first symptom, it is often easy to consider from the perspective of common and frequently occurring diseases, and tuberculosis is the first thing to think of. About 1% of patients misdiagnose colon cancer as intestinal tuberculosis before surgery. However, there are special changes in blood examination, fast erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and strong positive tuberculin test. Combining medical history, age and systemic manifestations, the diagnosis can generally be confirmed.

4. Colon polyps Colon polyps are common benign tumors, mostly occurring in the sigmoid colon. The main symptom is blood in the stool, which is fresh blood and cannot be confused with feces. Some patients may also have purulent stools. X-ray examinations all show filling defects. If a fiber colonoscopy biopsy pathological examination is not performed, polypoid colon cancer may be misdiagnosed as colon polyps. Adenomas and polyps are the most common benign colon tumors and tumor-like lesions. There are obvious histological differences between the two: adenomas can become cancerous, and polyps do not usually turn into cancer. Both can be single or multiple. In X-ray gas-barium double contrast examination, it presents a round or oval filling defect with smooth and sharp edges. In the intestinal cavity, if there is a pedicle, it can move up and down. The outline of the colon is mostly unchanged. If there is a small amount of barium around the adenoma or polyp, a ring-shaped shadow may be formed, which forms a sharp contrast with the gas. Fiber colonoscopy and taking biopsy tissue for pathological examination are the most effective identification methods.

5. Schistosomiasis granulomas are common in endemic areas, especially in southern China. After liberation, with the development of schistosomiasis prevention and control, they are now rare. Intestinal schistosomiasis is the deposition of schistosomiasis eggs under the intestinal mucosa, which causes large chronic inflammatory granulomas in the early stage. In the later stage, colonic fibrous tissue proliferates and adheres to surrounding tissues to form inflammatory masses, and colonic mucosa continues to form ulcers and scars. Due to the proliferation of ulcer repair tissue, polypoid hyperplasia can be formed. A small number of cases can be cancerous. In endemic areas, colon cancer also accounts for 48.3% to 73.9% of intestinal schistosomiasis, indicating that schistosomiasis is closely related to colon cancer. Therefore, patients with intestinal schistosomiasis who have lived in endemic areas or have lived in endemic areas have been clearly diagnosed in the past, and it is even more necessary to exclude unaccompanied colon cancer or cancer itself. In addition to X-ray, fiber colonoscopy and biopsy, combined with the history of schistosomiasis infection and the examination of eggs in the stool, it is helpful to distinguish colon cancer from intestinal cancer caused by schistosomiasis.

6. Amoebic granuloma When amoebic granuloma is formed, a mass or intestinal obstruction symptoms may be felt in the corresponding part of the abdomen, depending on the location of the colon. Amebic trophozoites and cysts can be found in stool examination, and 30% to 40% of patients may have positive findings in X-ray examination, with polyp proliferation on the mucosa. Amoebic granuloma is multiple, often causing huge unilateral edge defects or circular notches on the intestinal tract.

The above is the introduction of "What diseases are easily confused with colon cancer". I hope everyone will pay attention to it. Once you find any abnormal symptoms in your body, please go to the hospital in time to avoid delaying the disease. If you still have questions, please consult online experts. Feihua Health Network wishes you good health!

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