What is the relationship between ovarian cancer genes and disease?

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common tumors of the female reproductive organs, and its incidence rate ranks third after cervical cancer and uterine body cancer. However, deaths from ovarian cancer account for the largest number of all gynecological tumors, posing a serious threat to women's lives. But what is the relationship between ovarian cancer genes and the disease?

There are not many explanations for ovarian cancer genes, so what is the relationship between ovarian cancer genes and ovarian cancer? No one knows. Let's ask experts from Beijing Cancer Hospital about this issue. At present, there is a study showing that an ovarian cancer gene has been discovered. According to new research published in the March 19 issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute of the United States, mutations in the growth regulatory genes BRAF and KRAS appear to be associated with the development of low-grade ovarian cancer, but not with invasive high-grade ovarian cancer.

Mutations in the BRAF gene are particularly common in the malignant skin cancer melanoma. To determine the role of these mutations in ovarian cancer, BRAF and KRAS mutations are present in a variety of human cancers. Gad Singer, M.D., Ie-M. Shih, Ph.D., and colleagues at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine examined 182 samples of different types of ovarian cancer for the presence of three common mutations in BRAF and KRAS.

They examined both low-grade and high-grade tumors, and non-serous ovarian cancer, which is less common. Serous ovarian cancer is the most common type of ovarian cancer. It includes endometrial cancer and clear cell carcinoma. The authors also examined BRAF and KRAS mutations in benign precancerous tumors, which are known to be precursors to low-grade ovarian cancer.

Invasive high-grade ovarian cancers had no mutations in either gene. Moreover, the authors found one of the three mutations in BRAF and KRAS in 15 of 22 low-grade tumor samples (68%) and 31 of 51 benign precursor tumors (61%). These tumors contained mutations in only one of the genes. In contrast, the authors also found BRAF mutations in 24% of endometrial cancers. They noted that other than PTEN, no other gene was found to have such a high mutation frequency in endometrial cancer of the ovary.

This suggests that low-grade and high-grade serous ovarian cancers develop via independent pathways, the authors say. These mutations, BRAF and KRAS, are apparently confined to low-grade serous ovarian cancer and its benign precancerous precursor tumors.

Blocking the KRAS-BRAF signaling pathway may be a more effective treatment strategy for low-grade serous ovarian cancer, which often responds poorly to conventional chemotherapy, the authors note.

The above is the relationship between ovarian cancer genes and diseases. I believe you now understand it. Expert Tips: If you have symptoms of disease in your health, you can choose the appropriate treatment according to your symptoms, but do not delay diagnosis, and do not let your life be ruined in hesitation. You should go to a regular hospital for medical treatment in time to avoid delaying the disease and causing serious consequences. If you have other questions, please consult our online experts or call for consultation. Believe in miracles, and wish you health, happiness, and joy!

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