How to reduce water hardness

Water is the source of human life. People cannot survive without water. This shows how important water is to the human body. However, if the hardness of water is too high, it will cause problems to your body. At this time, you can use the boiling method to improve the hardness of your water so that the hardness of the water will not become so high. You can also use ion exchange to alleviate it.

Water hardness refers to the amount of calcium and magnesium salts dissolved in the water. The higher the content, the greater the hardness, and vice versa. Soft water is water with a hardness of less than 8, such as rainwater, snow water, purified water, etc.; water with a hardness greater than 8 is hard water, such as mineral water, tap water, and surface water and groundwater in nature. Hard water can be divided into temporary hard water and longer-term hard water. The hardness of temporary hard water is caused by calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate, which can be removed after boiling. This hardness is also called carbonate hardness. The hardness of hard water is caused by salt substances such as calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, which cannot be removed by boiling. The above two types of hardness are collectively called total hardness.

The total hardness of water refers to the total concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in water. Hard water has many disadvantages: 1. It produces insoluble precipitates when reacting with soap, reducing the washing effect. 2. In industry, the precipitation of calcium and magnesium salts can cause boiler scale, hinder heat conduction, and in severe cases can even cause boiler explosion. 3. Drinking hard water will also have a certain impact on human health and daily life. If people who do not drink hard water regularly occasionally drink hard water, it will cause gastrointestinal dysfunction, the so-called "water and soil incompatibility"; using hard water to cook fish and vegetables will destroy or reduce the nutritional value of the food because it is difficult to cook.

1. Boiling method (only applicable to temporary hard water).

2. Lime - pure alkaline method (industrial use). In this method, temporary hardness can be completely eliminated by adding lime.

3. Ion exchange method. This method is currently the more commonly used method. The main advantages are: stable and accurate effect and mature technology. The water softening equipment (water softener) that uses this method is generally called "ion exchanger", which is the principle of water softener. The water softener mainly removes calcium and magnesium ions in water through ion exchange resin to reduce the hardness of water. Compared with tap water, soft water has high oxygen content and low hardness. It can effectively prevent kidney stones, reduce the burden on the heart and kidneys, and is beneficial to health.

4. Reverse osmosis purification method. The main technology used in this method is reverse osmosis technology. According to the different osmotic pressures of various materials, a reverse osmosis pressure greater than the osmotic pressure can be used, that is, reverse osmosis, to achieve the purpose of separation, extraction, purification and concentration. It can remove all substances except water molecules in water, with a removal rate of 99.99%, completely removing the factors that cause scale in the water. Reverse osmosis technology is one of the two main technologies in the current water purification industry. It is widely used in household drinking water purification equipment, called pure water machine.

The removal rate of household pure water machines is about 95%, which is not as high as that of industrial pure water. At the same time, general pure water machines will add a post-activated carbon filter at the end, one is to improve the taste, the other is to release some minerals into the water, increase the content of beneficial minerals, and make people healthier.