I have a stomachache after eating something cold

If you experience stomach pain after eating something cold, it is likely a symptom of acute enteritis. Acute enteritis can cause great pain to patients, so it needs to be treated in time. There are many types of acute enteritis, and different treatments should be adopted for different types of acute enteritis. Below, we will introduce the types of acute enteritis in detail.

1. Acute simple gastritis

Acute simple gastritis can be caused by chemical substances, physical factors, microbial infection or bacterial toxins. The main gastric mucosal lesions are congestion, edema, increased mucus secretion, and the surface is covered with white or yellow exudate, which may be accompanied by punctate bleeding and mild erosion. The disease usually develops rapidly, and the main manifestations are upper abdominal discomfort, pain, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting. Those who become ill due to infection often suffer from acute enteritis, diarrhea, and pain around the umbilicus. Severe cases may also have fever, dehydration, acidosis, and even shock. The course of this disease is short and self-limited. The main principles of treatment are to eliminate the cause, treat symptoms, use antibiotics rationally, and pay attention to correcting water and electrolyte disorders.

2. Acute erosive gastritis

Acute erosive gastritis is an acute gastritis characterized by multiple erosions of the gastric mucosa, often accompanied by bleeding. Oral medications (such as salicylate preparations, phenylephrine, indomethacin, reserpine, glucocorticoids, etc.), alcoholism and stress caused by critical illness are common causes. The typical clinical manifestations of this disease are upper gastrointestinal bleeding, vomiting blood and black stools; but the amount of bleeding is generally not large, and is often intermittent and can stop on its own. The treatment principle of acute erosive gastritis is mainly to actively treat the primary disease, eliminate the pathogenic factors, and perform corresponding acid-reducing and hemostatic treatments. If there is severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding, blood transfusion, infusion and active blood volume replenishment should be given in time.

3. Acute corrosive gastritis

Acute corrosive gastritis is damage to the gastric mucosa caused by swallowing strong alkali, strong acid or other corrosive agents. Gastric lesions can manifest as mucosal congestion, edema, and erosion in mild cases, or acute ulcers, gastric wall necrosis, or even perforation in severe cases. After swallowing corrosive agents, the disease causes burning and suffocation in the mouth and throat, tongue edema, drooling and difficulty swallowing, severe pain behind the sternum and upper abdomen, and persistent hiccups, vomiting, coughing, fever up to 38℃ ~ 39℃, difficulty breathing, and bloody vomitus in severe cases. Collapse, shock and even complications of esophageal and gastric perforation may occur, causing mediastinitis and peritonitis. This disease is a serious medical emergency and must be treated early and aggressively, with monitoring of vital signs, application of antidotes, nutritional support and antibiotics to prevent and treat infection.

4. Acute suppurative gastritis

Acute suppurative gastritis is a suppurative lesion caused by bacterial infection of the gastric wall. The most common pathogens are streptococci, followed by staphylococci, pneumococci and Escherichia coli. Respiratory or other infections, stomach ulcers, removal of gastric polyps, and stomach surgery are the causes. The disease has an acute onset, and the main clinical manifestations are chills, high fever, severe upper abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and occasionally purulent vomitus. Once the disease is diagnosed, surgery should be performed immediately, and large doses of antibiotics should be used to control infection, correct shock, and maintain water and electrolyte balance.