The difference between manta rays and stingrays

There is a big difference in appearance between manta rays and skates. Because manta rays are made of cartilage, which will form a certain hardness after calcification, some skeletons are soft and some are hard. This symptom is relatively normal. Some of them are stronger and more nutritious than all fish. Stingrays, also known as devil fish, have existed in the Jurassic period and have been multiplying in large numbers on the earth until now.

The appearance characteristics of stingrays: The skeleton of stingrays is completely composed of cartilage. Some parts have a certain hardness after calcification, but it is different from the hard bone tissue formed by ossification. The body surface is covered with shield scales, which are formed by the ectoderm and mesoderm; shield scales and teeth are homologous structures. The mouth is not located at the tip of the snout but on the ventral side, with a transverse fissure (hence the name "transverse mouth"); the paired fins are horizontal; and the caudal fin is a crooked tail type. The stomach is well differentiated, with an independent pancreas and a well-developed liver. There are spiral valves in the intestine. No swim bladder. The gill septum is very long, extending to the body surface and connecting to the skin, so the gill slits open directly to the body surface. The heart has a conus arteriosus. The male reproductive duct borrows from the mesonephric duct. The single cloaca opens to the outside of the body. The males have copulatory organs called flippers. Oviparous, ovoviviparous or pseudoviviparous, internal fertilization, development in vitro or in vivo. The egg laying amount is small, but the survival rate is high. The brain is well developed, more advanced than that of bony fish. The brain is large in size and neural matter is present on the top of the brain.

Stingrays, also known as devil fish, are similar to sharks that appeared in the Jurassic period of the Mesozoic era (about 180 million to 140 million years ago). They have the habit of hiding in the sand on the seabed. Stingray hong ㄏㄨㄥˊ 〔Stingray〕has a flat, slightly round or diamond-shaped body, cartilaginous and scaleless, with well-developed pectoral fins like butterfly wings, and a whip-shaped tail with poisonous spines. Lives on the seabed. There are many types, the most common ones include sharp-nosed stingray, red stingray, eagle ray, etc.

Stingray (hong yu) There are actually many records of successful breeding of stingrays in Taiwan, such as pearl stingrays, black and white stingrays, leopard stingrays, etc. For fish enthusiasts who keep rare fish, there is no doubt that successful breeding of the fish is the ultimate goal. During the breeding period of stingrays, male stingrays will bite female stingrays, which will cause the female stingrays to become covered in bruises and affect their ornamental value.

In the Jurassic period of the Mesozoic era (about 180 million to 140 million years ago), sharks appeared. They had the habit of hiding in the sand on the seabed. These are the current stingrays. It lives by hiding its body in the sand, waiting for fish or shellfish living on the seabed to approach and prey on them, or to defend itself against enemies.