What will happen if the human body has a decrease in platelets

Platelets are a substance present in our human blood vessels. They are small cells that fall off from the cytoplasm of mature giant cells in the bone marrow. The content of these cells is very small, but their effect is very significant. They can effectively stop bleeding and help wounds heal. However, due to viral infection or fever caused by immune diseases, the human body will have a decrease in platelets. So what will happen if the human body has a decrease in platelets?

1. Symptoms of thrombocytopenia:

1. Skin bleeding

Petechiae, purpura, ecchymosis.

2. Bleeding gums

Gingival bleeding is common in normal people and those with dental diseases. Therefore, repeated gingival bleeding or difficulty in stopping bleeding often indicates bleeding diseases such as thrombocytopenia.

3. Blood blisters on oral mucosa.

4. Nosebleed

Normal people may also experience epistaxis occasionally, but epistaxis combined with other bleeding symptoms often indicates a bleeding disease.

5. Joint bleeding, muscle and deep tissue hematoma

It is rare for simple thrombocytopenia to cause joint and muscle bleeding.

6. Gastrointestinal bleeding

It may manifest as vomiting blood, blood in the stool, black stool, etc.

7. Urinary tract bleeding

It may present as microscopic hematuria or gross hematuria.

8. Excessive menstrual bleeding.

9. Retinal hemorrhage.

10. Central nervous system hemorrhage

It occurs less frequently but is a common cause of death in patients with bleeding disorders such as thrombocytopenia.

11. Bleeding after tooth extraction or surgery.

12. The wound bleeding time is prolonged .

Second, the cause of thrombocytopenia:

1. Decreased platelet production

(1) Hereditary anemia, such as Fanconi anemia, congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, and May-Hegglin anomaly.

(2) Acquired aplastic anemia, bone marrow infiltration (malignant tumor bone marrow metastasis, leukemia, myelofibrosis, tuberculosis), chemotherapy drugs, radiation, megakaryocytic aplasia, viral infection (measles, mumps), drugs that affect platelet production (such as alcohol), vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency.

2. Increased platelet destruction caused by non-immune factors

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, pregnancy, infection, hemangioma-thrombocytopenia syndrome, snake bites, acute respiratory distress syndrome, severe burns, etc.

3. Increased platelet destruction caused by immune factors

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura, HIV infection, cyclical thrombocytopenia, drug-induced thrombocytopenia (heparin, quinine, quinidine, antipyretic analgesics, penicillin, cephalosporin antibiotics, rifampicin, furosemide, carbamazepine, sodium valproate, sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs and phenytoin sodium, etc.), post-transfusion thrombocytopenia.

4. Abnormal platelet distribution

Hypersplenism and hypothermia.

5. Platelet loss

Bleeding, extracorporeal perfusion, hemodialysis.

6. Others

Pseudothrombocytopenia.