What to do if you have severe stomach problems and vomiting

Gastric disease is a general term. There are many types of gastric diseases, including acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastric tumor, etc. No matter what kind of gastric disease, there are many similar symptoms. The most common symptoms are vomiting, abdominal pain, etc. Mild vomiting will not cause any big problems to the body, but severe vomiting requires active treatment, otherwise it is easy to cause upper gastrointestinal bleeding, or cause tearing of the cardiac mucosa.

Tearing and bleeding of the esophageal cardiac mucosa accounts for about 10% of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The amount of bleeding varies. Some patients bleed very little, with only blood in the vomitus, or only black stools without vomiting blood. Severe patients may experience massive bleeding, shock and death.

Other complications of chronic gastritis and vomiting include malnutrition, water, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalance, which can usually be relieved through symptomatic treatment.

Clinical manifestations

The most common symptoms are upper abdominal discomfort or pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. Symptoms of gastritis and duodenal ulcers include burning pain in the upper abdomen, especially between meals, before breakfast, or after drinking orange juice or coffee. In severe cases, there may be tarry, black or bloody stools.

1. Acute simple gastritis

It is mainly caused by chemical substances, such as strong tea, coffee, liquor, condiments and other irritants, or taking salicylates, sulfonamides, anticancer drugs, antibiotics, reserpine, corticosteroids and other drugs that damage the gastric mucosa; physical factors like eating too cold, too hot or rough food that damages the gastric mucosa; and microbial infection or bacterial toxins. Acute corrosive gastritis is often caused by suicide or accidental ingestion of corrosive agents such as strong acids and alkalis.

2. Acute erosive (hemorrhagic) gastritis

It often occurs in stressful conditions caused by surgery, burns, shock, trauma, multiple organ failure, etc., as well as drinking or taking non-steroidal drugs, and accounts for about 20% of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

3. Acute suppurative gastritis

It is mainly a suppurative disease caused by bacteria such as streptococci, staphylococci and Escherichia coli infecting the stomach wall, also known as cellulitis gastritis. Acute gastritis is a reversible disease and can return to normal through treatment. Through proper treatment, many patients with acute gastritis can recover effectively and completely, and the disease is characterized by coming and going quickly. However, if the treatment is not timely or thorough and the diet is improper, the condition will turn into chronic gastritis if it persists for a long time.

4. Chronic gastritis

Chronic gastritis refers to chronic inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa due to various reasons. It is one of the most common and frequently occurring diseases. The characteristics are that the incidence rate in men is higher than that in women, and the incidence rate tends to increase with age. The essence of chronic gastritis is that after the gastric mucosal epithelium is repeatedly damaged, the mucosa is remodeled due to its specific regenerative ability, and eventually leads to irreversible atrophy or even disappearance of the intrinsic gastric glands.