What are the effects and functions of spironolactone? Can it treat edema?

Spironolactone is more suitable for the treatment of various edema diseases such as congestive edema, ascites due to cirrhosis, and renal edema. It can effectively combat various problems and play a very effective auxiliary therapeutic role. Nowadays, many people are deeply troubled by hypertension, which often causes various complications. Therefore, it has a stable effect in current clinical practice. Pay attention to the dosage taken by adults, and take it according to the daily quantitative dosage. At the same time, choose the appropriate medication principle according to the severity of the disease.

Indications

1. Edema diseases It is used in combination with other diuretics to treat edema diseases such as congestive edema, ascites due to cirrhosis, and renal edema. Its purpose is to correct the increased secondary aldosterone secretion associated with the above diseases and to counteract the potassium excretion effect of other diuretics. It is also used to treat idiopathic edema.

2. Hypertension action: It is an auxiliary drug for the treatment of hypertension.

3. Primary aldosteronism can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

4. Prevention of hypokalemia: Used in combination with thiazide diuretics to enhance the diuretic effect and prevent hypokalemia.

It is clinically used to treat refractory edema related to elevated aldosterone, so it is more effective for patients with cirrhosis and nephrotic syndrome, but the effect is poor for patients with congestive heart failure, except for those with secondary aldosterone increase caused by sodium deficiency.

Dosage

1. aldult

①For the treatment of edema diseases, 40-120 mg per day, divided into 2-4 doses, for at least 5 consecutive days. Adjust the dosage later as appropriate.

② For the treatment of hypertension, start with 40-80 mg per day, divided into two doses, for at least 2 weeks, and adjust the dose as appropriate thereafter. It should not be used in combination with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors to avoid increasing the chance of hyperkalemia.

③For the treatment of primary aldosteronism, the patient should take 100-400 mg per day before surgery, divided into 2-4 doses. For patients who are not suitable for surgery, a lower maintenance dose is used.

④Diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. In long-term trials, 400 mg per day, divided into 2 to 4 times, for 3 to 4 weeks. In short-term trials, 400 mg per day was taken in 2 to 4 divided doses for 4 consecutive days. Elderly people are more sensitive to this drug, so the initial dosage should be smaller.

2. For the treatment of edematous diseases in children, initially take 1-3 mg/kg body weight or 30-90 mg/m2 body surface area per day, either as a single dose or divided into 2-4 doses. Adjust the dose as appropriate after 5 consecutive days. The maximum dose is 3-9 mg/kg or 90-270 mg/kg per day.

Disable and use with caution

(1) This drug can cross the placenta, but its effect on the fetus is still unclear. Pregnant women should take medication under the guidance of a doctor, and the medication time should be as short as possible.

(2) Elderly people are more likely to develop hyperkalemia and excessive diuresis when taking the drug.

(3) It is contraindicated in patients with hyperkalemia.

(4) Use with caution in the following situations: ① Anuria; ② Renal insufficiency; ③ Hepatic insufficiency, as this drug causes electrolyte imbalance and can induce hepatic coma; ④ Hyponatremia; ⑤ Acidosis, as this drug can aggravate or trigger hyperkalemia caused by this drug; on the other hand, this drug can aggravate acidosis; ⑥ Breast enlargement or menstrual disorders.

It is contraindicated in patients with renal failure and high blood potassium. For elderly patients, a daily dose of more than 200 mg combined with potassium-sparing diuretics or potassium supplements may lead to renal failure and abnormal liver function, and blood potassium concentration must be monitored regularly.